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jian4Mathews: 0854GSR: 249g
Dictionary Definition
(to be) vigorous, dynamic, ardent, strong, robust, healthy, sturdy, stout, tenacious, compelling, lasting, constant; (a, the) strength, lasting vigor, health, robustness; (to) set up, establish, persevere, invigorate, strengthen, empower (s, ed, ing); inexhaustibly, energetically, with lasting vigor
Radical: 9+9 | First occurrence: Hexagram 01.X
Concordance & Context (11 occurrences)
Entries shown in Hatcher's reference chain order. First Witness at 01.X
Xiang Zhuan★
(in, with) lasting vigor; inexhaustibly
天行健，君子以自強不息。
Heaven moves inexhaustibly
The noble young one, accordingly,
is naturally energetic, without rest
Stats: 9+9→ 05.T
Tuan Zhuan
(and) strong, persevering, lasting
需，須也。險在前也，剛健而不陷，其義不困窮矣。需有孚，光亨，贞吉，位乎天位，以正中也。利涉大川，往有功也。
Anticipation
(Means) necessity
Hazards lie ahead
(Be) firm (and) persevering and so avoid complications
This means to avoid affliction (and) exhaustion completely
Anticipation
Be true
Honoring fulfillment, persistence is timely:
(Be) poised, with celestial dignity,
(And), accordingly, upright (and) balanced
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
To make progress will be an accomplishment
→ 06.T
Tuan Zhuan
strong, vigorous, ardent, tenacious
訟，上剛下險，險而健，訟。訟有孚窒惕，中吉，剛來而得中也。終凶，訟不可成也。利見大人，尚中正也。不利涉大川，入于淵也。
Contention
Above (is) firmness, below (is) risk
At risk and yet tenacious
(Means) contention
Contention
Being true (yet) opposed,
Wariness in the middle (is) promising:
The firm comes forward and gains the center
At the end, unfortunate:
Contention is not suited to completion
Worthwhile to meet a mature human being:
To honor the central and true
Not worthwhile to cross the great stream:
(This) leads to the abyss
→ 09.T
Tuan Zhuan
strong, vigorous, dynamic, ardent
小畜，柔得位而上下應之，曰小畜。健而巽，剛中而志行，乃亨。密雲不雨，尚往也。自我西郊，施未行也。
Raising small beasts
The flexible finds a place and high (and) low respond to this
So this is called minor concerns
Dynamic and yet adaptive
The firm (is) central and so the intentions (are) carried out
After this, fulfillment
Thick clouds (but) no rain:
Value (any) forward progress
From our western horizon:
The influence is not yet in motion
→ 11.T
Tuan Zhuan
(is) strength, vigor, health; dynamic, robust
泰，小往大來，吉，亨。則是天地交而萬物通也，上下交而其志同也。內陽而外陰，內健而外順，內君子而外小人，君子道長，小人道消也。
Interplay
Smallness departs, greatness arrives,
(With) promise (and) fulfillment:
When this occurs heaven (and) earth interact
And so the myriad beings communicate
High (and) low interact and their purposes converge
Within (is) light and without (is) shadow
Within (is) strength and without (is) acceptance
Within (is) the noble young one and without (are) the common ones
The noble young one’s principles prevail
The common one’s principles fade
→ 13.T
Tuan Zhuan
strength, health, lasting vigor
同人，柔得位得中而應乎乾，曰同人。同人曰，同人于野，亨。利涉大川，乾行也。文明以健，中正而應，君子正也。唯君子為能通天下之志。
Fellowship with others
The flexible finds a position, gains the center
and resonates with the creative
So this is called fellowship with others
Fellowship with others says that
Fellowship with others on the frontier (is) fulfillment
Worthwhile to cross the great stream
(Meaning) higher order endeavor
Refinement (and) clarity make use of strength
The central (lines) (are) correct (and) correspond
The noble young one (is) principled
Only the noble young one develops the capacity
To comprehend the direction of all under heaven
→ 14.T
Tuan Zhuan
(and) robust, sturdy (ness); strength, vigor
大有，柔得尊位，大中而上下應之，曰大有。其德剛健而文明，應乎天而時行，是以元亨。
Big domain
The flexible finds a distinguished position, in the great center,
While high (and) low respond to this
So this is called big domain
Its qualities (are) firmness (and) vigor and also refinement (and) clarity
Resonating with heaven and moving with the seasons
This is, accordingly, supremely fulfilling
→ 25.T
Tuan Zhuan
lasting vigor, strength, ardor, robustness
無妄，剛自外來而為主於內，動而健，剛中而應，大亨以正，天之命。其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。無妄之往，何之矣？天命不祐，行矣哉！
Without pretense
Firmness comes from without and becomes master on the inside
Movement with lasting vigor
The firm (is) central and resonant
Great fulfillment (is) according to integrity
Heaven’s higher law
For one without integrity there will be suffering
(And) not (much) reward in having somewhere to go
(While) without pretense there is forward progress
How is this so?
Heaven’s higher law is not protection:
(It is) movement itself!
→ 26.T
Tuan Zhuan
(is) persevering, tenacious, strong, dynamic
大畜，剛健篤實輝光，日新其德，剛上而尚賢，能止健，大正。不家食吉，養賢。利涉大川，應乎天。
“Vowing to train at chariot and defense,” which would preserve some of the impli-
cation of dedicated sacrifice suggested by the Zhi Gua.
→ 26.T
persevere, empower; (with) strength, vigor, power
大畜，剛健篤實輝光，日新其德，剛上而尚賢，能止健，大正。不家食吉，養賢。利涉大川，應乎天。
“Vowing to train at chariot and defense,” which would preserve some of the impli-
cation of dedicated sacrifice suggested by the Zhi Gua.
Tuan Zhuan
robust, dynamic, vigorous, ardent, tenacious
夬，決也。剛決柔也。健而説，決而和。揚于王庭，柔乘五剛也。孚號有厲，其危乃光也。告自邑，不利即戎，所尚乃窮也。利有攸往，剛長乃終也。
Decisiveness
(Means) to break through
The firm breaks through the flexible
Dynamic but also persuasive
Breaking through and yet responsive
A disclosure at the royal court:
The flexible rides upon five firm (lines)
A truthful appeal, this will be serious:
This crisis will then be made known
Inform the home town,
Nothing worthwhile (in) resorting to hostilities:
What is valued (would) then be wasted
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Firmness endures and then completes
→ 01.X
Homophones (jian)
堅jian1solid, firm, hard, hardened, solidified兼jian1combine, unite, join (ed, ing), [integrating ]艱jian1(to be) difficult, troublesome, distressing, hard, laborious, tedious, wearisome, hard gotten, trying; (a, the) difficulty, distress, hardship, trouble, trial, problem (s); bad news戔jian1(is) (a, but a) meager, shabby, pitiful, scanty蹇jian3(a, an, the) impasse, obstacle, impediment, drawback, setback, obstruction, difficulty, misfortune, fault, holdup, detour, limp, complication, handicap; (to) go lame, limp, walk lame, stumble (s, ed ing); (to be) halting, hobbled, proud, arrogant, impassable, obstructed, complicated, set back, held up, detained, deterred, interrupted; defective儉jian3(is) restrained, frugal; conserves, reserves建jian4to enlist, appoint, install, establish, set up "鍵jian4key, note; linch-pin; perhaps u.f. jian 0854, (glossary)見jian4(to) catch sight of, envision, look at, observe, perceive, see, spy, view, visualize, watch, witness; apprehend, be exposed to, call upon, consult, encounter, experience, have audience with, interview, meet (with), notice, receive, refer to, visit; appear, appear to be show up; display, reveal, exhibit, flaunt, manifest, show (s, ed, ing); (a, the) consciousness; sight, vision, advice respectfully sought; (to be) exposed (to), found, in view (of), seen, viewed, visible; consciously賤jian4(and) (the) disregarded, undervalued, base, mean薦jian4(in) offering (^ ) (up) (^ ), presenting, giving漸jian4(to) advance gradually, increasingly, advance by degrees, go little by little, go bit by bit, go steadily, make gradual progress, make steady progress, pace oneself, progress gradually, develop into; seep into, soak, saturate (s, ed, ing); (a, the) proceedings, formalities, details, protocol, patient progress, (gradual, steady) advance, progress; (to be) next, slight; gradually, increasingly洊jian4(is, are) ever, always, continuously (flowing)
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