谦
qian1Mathews: 0885GSR: 627f
Dictionary Definition
(a, the) authenticity, respectfulness, respect, modesty; (to be) unassuming, authentic, respectful, yielding, deferent, reverent, humble, modest; deficient
Radical: 149+10 | First occurrence: Hexagram 15.0
Concordance & Context (20 occurrences)
Entries shown in Hatcher's reference chain order. First Witness at 15.0
Gua Ci★
authenticity*, modesty, respectfulness
谦，亨，君子有終。
Fulfillment
The noble young one gets results
Stats: 149+10→ 15.1
1st Line
(a, an, the) authentic(ally), genuine(ly)
谦谦君子，用涉大川，吉。
Authentic modesty in the noble young one
Is useful in crossing great streams
Promising
→ 15.1
(and, in) modest(y), respect(ful)(ness)
谦谦君子，用涉大川，吉。
Authentic modesty in the noble young one
Is useful in crossing great streams
Promising
Tuan Zhuan
authenticity
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
(the) modest
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
(the) modest
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
(the) modest
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
(the) modest
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
authenticity
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
Xiang Zhuan
authenticity
地中有山，谦。君子以衰多益寡，穪物平施。
Within the earth is a mountain
Authenticity
The noble young one, accordingly,
diminishes the excessive and adds to the deficient
Appraising things with fair allocation*
→ 15.0
Xiao Xiang 1
(the) authentic
谦谦君子，卑以自牧也。
15.1x (The) authentic modesty (of) the noble young one:
Humility (is) a means to self-mastery
modesty
谦谦君子，卑以自牧也。
15.1x (The) authentic modesty (of) the noble young one:
Humility (is) a means to self-mastery
2nd Line
authenticity, modesty
鸣谦，贞吉。
Expressing modesty
Persistence is promising
→ 15.3
Xiao Xiang 2
modesty,
明谦贞吉，中心得也。
15.2x Expressing modesty, persistence (is) promising:
The inner affections (are) found
3rd Line
(and, in) modest(y), respect(ful), authenticity
勞谦君子，有終吉。
Diligent modesty in the noble young one
Gets results
Promising
→ 15.4
Xiao Xiang 3
modesty
勞谦君子，萬民服也。
15.3x (The) diligent modesty (of) the noble young one:
The myriads of people concur
4th Line
(of) authenticity, modesty
無不利，撝谦。
Nothing cannot be turned to advantage
With candid authenticity
→ 15.6
Xiao Xiang 4
authenticity
無不利撝谦，不違則也。
15.4x Nothing cannot be turned to advantage
(With) candid authenticity:
(This is) not against the rules
6th Line
authenticity, modesty
鸣谦，利用行師征邑國。
Expressing modesty
Worthwhile and useful to mobilize the reserves
To discipline home town and province
→ 15.0
Xiao Xiang 6
modesty
明谦，志未得，可用行師征邑國也。
15.6x Expressive modesty:
The goals (are) not yet achieved
* An appropriate practice to mobilize the reserves
To discipline home town (and) province
Homophones (qian)
牽qian1drawn, pulled, led, attracted, persuaded嗛qian1deficient, unsatisfied, unworthy, lowly, unsatisfied愆qian1exceeds; (is) delayed (goes) beyond遷qian1(in) moving, relocating, transferring, shifting潛qian2(to be) hidden, concealed, secret, secretive, retired, submerged, subliminal; inverse; (to) dive, submerge, sink in, secrete oneself (s, ed, ing); go in water, lie at bottom; below the threshold or surface, ie subliminal前qian2ahead, forward, in front, before乾qian2(to be) creative, vigorous, energetic, potent, dynamic, constant, enduring, lasting; dry, clean; exhausted; heavenly; (a, the) creation, initiative, authority, sovereignty, design, cogency, autonomy, command, energy, diligence, persistence, endurance, mastery, genius, higher order, higher purpose, calling, vocation, enduring activity, lasting vigor, dynamic living, dragonhood; heaven; warmth of the sun; vigorous appearance; (a, the) male, gang or yang principle; (to) create, initiate, design, author, master, persist, endure (s, ed, ing); creation’s, creativity’s; gan, (to be) dry, dried
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