天
tian1Mathews: 6361GSR: 361a
Dictionary Definition
(a, the) (material) heaven(s), cosmos, firmament, (higher/divine) nature, sky, skies; empire; the great above, providence; (to be) celestial, divine, heavenly; great, immense, natural, overhead, superior; imperial; of heaven/the sky; heaven’s, the sky’s; (the heaven of the astronomers but considered sacred, the clockworks or higher order)
Radical: 37+1 | First occurrence: Hexagram 01.5
Concordance & Context (98 occurrences)
Entries shown in Hatcher's reference chain order. First Witness at 01.5
5th Line★
heaven; the sky(ies), heavens
飛龍在天，利見大人。
Dragon in flight across the sky
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being
Stats: 37+1→ 14.3
3rd Line
^ of heaven(’s); (the) imperial, celestial
公用亨于天子，小人弗克。
The prince presents offerings to the son of heaven
The common people cannot
→ 14.6
6th Line
( ^) heaven, the sky
自天祐之，吉無不利。
Assistance comes from heaven
Promising
Nothing cannot be turned to advantage
→ 26.6
6th Line
heaven, higher nature; the sky, celestial
何天之衢，亨。
What is heaven’s thoroughfare?
Fulfillment
→ 36.6
6th Line
heaven; the heavens, sky, skies
不明晦。初登于天，後入于地。
Instead of light, darkness
At first rising into the sky
But at last going into the earth
→ 38.3
3rd Line
head shaved (bald to heaven), branded
見輿曳，其牛掣。其人天且劓。無初，有終。
Seeing a wagon held up
Its oxen restrained
Its occupant’s head shaved and nose cut off
Regardless of beginning, there will be an end
→ 44.5
5th Line
heaven, the sky
以杞包瓜，含章，有隕自天。
Wrapping the melons in willows
Restraint is displayed
They will have fallen from heaven
→ 61.6
6th Line
heaven, the sky, celestial
翰音登于天，贞凶。
The rooster’s pronouncements rise into the sky
Persistence has pitfalls
→ 01.T
Tuan Zhuan
heaven [higher nature]; the sky, firmament
大哉乾元，萬物資始，乃統天。雲行雨施，品物流形。大明終始，六位時成。時乘六龍以御天。乾道變化，各正性命，保合太和，乃利贞。首出庶物，萬國咸寧。
How great (is) creation’s source!
The myriad beings (are) provided beginnings
Along with all of the sky
Clouds pass, rain falls
The varieties of beings flow into form
Great light completes (then) begins
The six positions (are) by season fulfilled
Seasons to mount the six dragons
(And) with these to master the skies
Creation’s way (is) emergence (and) transformation
Each being true to inner nature (and) higher law
Security (is) joining in the highest attunement
It is this that rewards persistence
(As) leaders emerge from the numberless beings
The myriad realms come together in peace
→ 01.5
heaven, the sky(ies), celestial; higher nature
大哉乾元，萬物資始，乃統天。雲行雨施，品物流形。大明終始，六位時成。時乘六龍以御天。乾道變化，各正性命，保合太和，乃利贞。首出庶物，萬國咸寧。
How great (is) creation’s source!
The myriad beings (are) provided beginnings
Along with all of the sky
Clouds pass, rain falls
The varieties of beings flow into form
Great light completes (then) begins
The six positions (are) by season fulfilled
Seasons to mount the six dragons
(And) with these to master the skies
Creation’s way (is) emergence (and) transformation
Each being true to inner nature (and) higher law
Security (is) joining in the highest attunement
It is this that rewards persistence
(As) leaders emerge from the numberless beings
The myriad realms come together in peace
Xiao Xiang 5
(the) sky
飛龍在天，大人造也。
01.5x Dragon in flight across the sky:
The mature human being creates
Xiao Xiang 7
heaven’s; (the) celestial, heavenly
用九，天德不可為首也。
01.7x Using Nines:
Heaven’s nature is not about playing the leader
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven; the sky; cele stial; higher nature 18.T
天行健，君子以自強不息。
Heaven moves inexhaustibly
The noble young one, accordingly,
is naturally energetic, without rest
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, higher nature; the sky, firmament
至哉坤元，萬物資生，乃順承天。坤厚載物，德合無疆，含弘光大，品物咸亨。牝馬地類，行地無疆，柔順利贞。君子攸行，先迷失道，後順得常。西南得朋，乃與類行；東北丧朋，乃終有慶。安贞之吉，應地無疆。
How consummate (is) receptivity’s source!
The myriad beings (are) provided with life
And so, (in) acceptance, inherit the sky
Accepting (with) generosity upholds the outer world
Character accommodates without drawing boundaries
Comprehending vastness, exemplifying wholeness
The varieties of beings (are) joined in fulfillment
The mare (is) the earth’s kindred spirit
(And) wanders an earth with no borders
Gentleness (and) acceptance reward persistence:
The noble young one’s purpose in going
To initiate confusion (is) to stray from the way
To follow (with) acceptance (is) to learn the principles
West (to) south, find companions:
And so, with the help of one’s kind, make progress
East (to) north, forgo companions:
Although, in the end, there will be rewards
Securing the certain holds promise:
The response to a world without limits
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
屯，剛柔始交而難生。動乎險中，大亨贞。雷雨之動滿盈，天造草昧，宜建侯而不寧。
Rallying
The firm (and) the flexible begin to interact and so (come) the trials of new life
Moving through the heart of risk
Much fulfillment (means) persistence
Thunder (and) rain’s activity abounds to excess
The sky creates in haste (and) obscurity
(It is) necessary to enlist delegates, but not (in order) to relax
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven’s, the sky’s; heavenly, celestial
需，須也。險在前也，剛健而不陷，其義不困窮矣。需有孚，光亨，贞吉，位乎天位，以正中也。利涉大川，往有功也。
Anticipation
(Means) necessity
Hazards lie ahead
(Be) firm (and) persevering and so avoid complications
This means to avoid affliction (and) exhaustion completely
Anticipation
Be true
Honoring fulfillment, persistence is timely:
(Be) poised, with celestial dignity,
(And), accordingly, upright (and) balanced
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
To make progress will be an accomplishment
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky
雲上於天，需。君子以飲食宴樂。
The clouds rise into the sky
Anticipation
The noble young one, accordingly,
Takes refreshment and sustenance
With peace of mind and cheer
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
天與水違行，訟。君子以作事謀始。
The sky together with water is contradiction in movement*
Contention
The noble young one, accordingly,
In undertaking the work, appraises beginnings
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 2
heaven’s, heavenly, divine, imperial
在師中吉，承天寵也。王三錫命，懷萬邦也。
07.2x At the heart of the militia (is) promise:
Upholding heaven’s favor
* The sovereign three times grants commissions:
Embracing the myriad realms
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 12.T
師，衆也。贞，正也。能以眾正，可以王矣。剛中而應，行險而順，以此毒天下，而民從之，吉又何咎矣。
The militia
(Means) the multitude
Persistence
(Means) uprightness
The skill to employ the multitude (with) uprightness
(Is) especially suited to use by the sovereign
The firm (is) central and resonant
The practice (is) hazardous, yet responsive
To apply this is toxic to all under heaven and yet the people endure behind it
(For their) welfare:
Given this, where is the error here?
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
^heaven; the sky, heavens
風行天上，小畜。君子以懿文德。
The wind travels high in the sky
Raising small beasts
The noble young one, accordingly,
trains and refines the character
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
(is) heaven, the sky (v)
上天下澤，履。君子以辯上下，定民志。
The sky above, the lake below
Respectful conduct
The noble young one, accordingly, distinguishes high and low
to steady the human purpose
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 3
heaven(’s), the sky(’s)
無往不復，天地際也。
11.3x No going without a return:
Heaven (and) earth meet here
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
泰，小往大來，吉，亨。則是天地交而萬物通也，上下交而其志同也。內陽而外陰，內健而外順，內君子而外小人，君子道長，小人道消也。
Interplay
Smallness departs, greatness arrives,
(With) promise (and) fulfillment:
When this occurs heaven (and) earth interact
And so the myriad beings communicate
High (and) low interact and their purposes converge
Within (is) light and without (is) shadow
Within (is) strength and without (is) acceptance
Within (is) the noble young one and without (are) the common ones
The noble young one’s principles prevail
The common one’s principles fade
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
天地交，泰。后以財成天地之道，輔相天地之宜，以左右民。
Heaven and earth interact
Interplay
Their heirs, accordingly,
Enrich and complete heaven’s and earth’s natures
Confirming and reciprocating heaven’s and earth’s proper order
And thus supporting and protecting the people
→ 01.5
heaven(’s), the sky(’s)
天地交，泰。后以財成天地之道，輔相天地之宜，以左右民。
Heaven and earth interact
Interplay
Their heirs, accordingly,
Enrich and complete heaven’s and earth’s natures
Confirming and reciprocating heaven’s and earth’s proper order
And thus supporting and protecting the people
(as) heaven(’s), the sky(’s)
天地交，泰。后以財成天地之道，輔相天地之宜，以左右民。
Heaven and earth interact
Interplay
Their heirs, accordingly,
Enrich and complete heaven’s and earth’s natures
Confirming and reciprocating heaven’s and earth’s proper order
And thus supporting and protecting the people
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky
否之匪人，不利君子贞，大往小來，則是天地不交而萬物不通也，上下不交而天下無邦也。內陰而外陽，內柔而外剛，內小人而外君子，小人道長，君子道消也。
Separating oneself from inferior people
(Who) are not worth a noble young one’s loyalty
Greatness departs, smallness arrives:
When this occurs heaven (and) earth do not interact
And so the myriad beings do not communicate
High (and) low do not interact
And so all under heaven lack government
Within (is) darkness and without (is) light
Within (is) weakness and without (is) strength
Within (are) the common people and without (is) the noble young one
The common people’s principles prevail
The noble young one’s principles fade
→ 01.5
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 13.T
否之匪人，不利君子贞，大往小來，則是天地不交而萬物不通也，上下不交而天下無邦也。內陰而外陽，內柔而外剛，內小人而外君子，小人道長，君子道消也。
Separating oneself from inferior people
(Who) are not worth a noble young one’s loyalty
Greatness departs, smallness arrives:
When this occurs heaven (and) earth do not interact
And so the myriad beings do not communicate
High (and) low do not interact
And so all under heaven lack government
Within (is) darkness and without (is) light
Within (is) weakness and without (is) strength
Within (are) the common people and without (is) the noble young one
The common people’s principles prevail
The noble young one’s principles fade
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky
天地不交，否。君子以儉德辟難，不可榮以祿。
Heaven and earth do not interact
Separating
The noble young one, accordingly,
conserves virtue and avoids trouble
Not allowing himself luxury in the form of compensation
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
^^ heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 17.T
同人，柔得位得中而應乎乾，曰同人。同人曰，同人于野，亨。利涉大川，乾行也。文明以健，中正而應，君子正也。唯君子為能通天下之志。
Fellowship with others
The flexible finds a position, gains the center
and resonates with the creative
So this is called fellowship with others
Fellowship with others says that
Fellowship with others on the frontier (is) fulfillment
Worthwhile to cross the great stream
(Meaning) higher order endeavor
Refinement (and) clarity make use of strength
The central (lines) (are) correct (and) correspond
The noble young one (is) principled
Only the noble young one develops the capacity
To comprehend the direction of all under heaven
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
天與火，同人。君子以類族辨物。
Heaven accompanies flame
Fellowship with Others
The noble young one, according to kind and family,
distinguishes the beings
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 3
^ of heaven
公用亨于天子，小人害也。
14.3x The prince presents offerings to the son of heaven:
(For) common people, harmful
Xiao Xiang 6
heaven’s
大有上吉，自天祐也。
14.6x Big domain at the top (is) promising:
Through heaven’s assistance
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, (higher) nature, the sky
大有，柔得尊位，大中而上下應之，曰大有。其德剛健而文明，應乎天而時行，是以元亨。
Big domain
The flexible finds a distinguished position, in the great center,
While high (and) low respond to this
So this is called big domain
Its qualities (are) firmness (and) vigor and also refinement (and) clarity
Resonating with heaven and moving with the seasons
This is, accordingly, supremely fulfilling
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky
火在天上，大有。君子以遏惡揚善順天休命。
Flame in heaven above
Big domain
The noble young one, accordingly,
suppresses the bad and promotes the good
Accepting heaven’s terms and higher laws
→ 01.5
heaven’s, higher nature’s, celestial
火在天上，大有。君子以遏惡揚善順天休命。
Flame in heaven above
Big domain
The noble young one, accordingly,
suppresses the bad and promotes the good
Accepting heaven’s terms and higher laws
Tuan Zhuan
heaven’s, higher nature’s, (the) heavenly
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
→ 01.5
heaven’s, higher nature’s, (the) heavenly
谦亨，天道下濟而光明，地道卑而上行。天道虧盈而益谦，地道變盈而流谦，鬼神害盈而福谦，人道惡盈而好谦。谦尊而光，卑而不可逾，君子之終也。
Authenticity (means) fulfillment
The heavenly principle completes the lowly
With honor and clarity
The earthly principle (is) humble,
(Even) while moving upwards
The heavenly principle diminishes the superfluous
And adds to the modest
The earthly principle transforms the superfluous
And replenishes the modest
Ghosts (and) spirits (both) haunt the superfluous
And enrich the modest
The human principle resents the superfluous
And applauds the modest
Authenticity ennobles and exemplifies
(Being) lowly and yet not easy to exceed
The noble young one has results
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
→ 01.5
heaven, the sky, celestial
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 18.T
隨，剛來而下柔，動而説，隨。大亨贞無咎，而天下隨時。隨時之義大矣哉！
Following
The firm comes forward and submits to the flexible
Movement and satisfaction (in) following
Great fulfillment, to be dedicated (is) not a mistake:
And all under heaven follow the seasons
Following the time has a meaning (of) great importance here!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 20.T
蠱，剛上而柔下，巽而止，蠱。蠱元亨，而天下治也。利涉大川，往有事也。先甲三日，後甲三日，終則有始，天行也。
Detoxifying
The firm (is) above while the flexible (is) below
Adaptive and yet motionless
Fixations
Detoxifying (is) most fulfilling:
As all under heaven (is) healed
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
(In) moving on there is work to do
Before the beginning, three days,
After the beginning, three days:
In the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
As heaven behaves
→ 01.5
(as) heaven; the sky, celestial 23.T
蠱，剛上而柔下，巽而止，蠱。蠱元亨，而天下治也。利涉大川，往有事也。先甲三日，後甲三日，終則有始，天行也。
Detoxifying
The firm (is) above while the flexible (is) below
Adaptive and yet motionless
Fixations
Detoxifying (is) most fulfilling:
As all under heaven (is) healed
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
(In) moving on there is work to do
Before the beginning, three days,
After the beginning, three days:
In the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
As heaven behaves
Tuan Zhuan
(it is, as is) (the) heaven; the sky, celestial
臨，剛浸而長，説而順，剛中而應。大亨以正，天之道也。至于八月有凶，消不久也。
Taking charge
Firmness penetrates and so prevails
Satisfaction along with acceptance
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Great fulfillment (is) due to correctness
(As is) heaven’s course
To arrive in the eighth month would be unfortunate:
Waning does not take long
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 20.T
大觀在上，順而巽，中正以觀天下。觀盥而不薦，有孚顒若，下觀而化也。觀天之神道，而四時不忒。聖人以神道設教，而天下服矣。
The great perspective lies above
Acceptance and versatility
Balance (and) uprightness (are) used in observing all under heaven
Observing
A cleansing but not a sacrifice,
Being true is as good as dignified:
Those below observe and so (are) transformed
Observing heaven’s sacred course and the four seasons’ lack of deviation
The wise ones use (these) sacred principles to establish (their) teachings
And so all under heaven simply consent
→ 01.5
heaven; the sky, celestial
大觀在上，順而巽，中正以觀天下。觀盥而不薦，有孚顒若，下觀而化也。觀天之神道，而四時不忒。聖人以神道設教，而天下服矣。
The great perspective lies above
Acceptance and versatility
Balance (and) uprightness (are) used in observing all under heaven
Observing
A cleansing but not a sacrifice,
Being true is as good as dignified:
Those below observe and so (are) transformed
Observing heaven’s sacred course and the four seasons’ lack of deviation
The wise ones use (these) sacred principles to establish (their) teachings
And so all under heaven simply consent
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 22.T
大觀在上，順而巽，中正以觀天下。觀盥而不薦，有孚顒若，下觀而化也。觀天之神道，而四時不忒。聖人以神道設教，而天下服矣。
The great perspective lies above
Acceptance and versatility
Balance (and) uprightness (are) used in observing all under heaven
Observing
A cleansing but not a sacrifice,
Being true is as good as dignified:
Those below observe and so (are) transformed
Observing heaven’s sacred course and the four seasons’ lack of deviation
The wise ones use (these) sacred principles to establish (their) teachings
And so all under heaven simply consent
Tuan Zhuan
(even) heaven, the sky, celestial (is, has)
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
→ 01.5
heaven’s, the sky’s, celestial(’s)
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
(the) heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 30.T
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
Tuan Zhuan
(and as) heaven’s, the sky’s, celestial
剝，剝也，柔變剛也。不利有攸往，小人長也。順而止之，觀象也。君子尚消息盈虛，天行也。
Decomposing
(Means) stripping away
The flexible alters the firm
Not worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
The common people prevail
Accept and stop here
Look at the image
The noble young one respects waning (and) waxing as surplus (and) want
(And as) heaven’s behavior
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
(as) heaven, higher nature, the sky 01.X
復亨，剛反。動而以順行，是以出入無吉，朋來無咎。反復其道，七日來復，天行也。利有攸往，剛長也。復其見天地之心乎！
Returning (means) fulfillment:
The firm comes back around
Energetic, and using acceptance to proceed
So it is that exiting (and) entering (are) without anxiety
(And) companions arrive without fail
Turning around (and) returning (is) the way,
The seventh day brings return:
(As) heaven behaves
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Firmness prevails
(In) returning one sees the heart of heaven (and) earth!
→ 01.5
heaven, the sky; ^^heaven
復亨，剛反。動而以順行，是以出入無吉，朋來無咎。反復其道，七日來復，天行也。利有攸往，剛長也。復其見天地之心乎！
Returning (means) fulfillment:
The firm comes back around
Energetic, and using acceptance to proceed
So it is that exiting (and) entering (are) without anxiety
(And) companions arrive without fail
Turning around (and) returning (is) the way,
The seventh day brings return:
(As) heaven behaves
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Firmness prevails
(In) returning one sees the heart of heaven (and) earth!
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
無妄，剛自外來而為主於內，動而健，剛中而應，大亨以正，天之命。其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。無妄之往，何之矣？天命不祐，行矣哉！
Without pretense
Firmness comes from without and becomes master on the inside
Movement with lasting vigor
The firm (is) central and resonant
Great fulfillment (is) according to integrity
Heaven’s higher law
For one without integrity there will be suffering
(And) not (much) reward in having somewhere to go
(While) without pretense there is forward progress
How is this so?
Heaven’s higher law is not protection:
(It is) movement itself!
→ 01.5
heaven’s, the sky’s, the celestial
無妄，剛自外來而為主於內，動而健，剛中而應，大亨以正，天之命。其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。無妄之往，何之矣？天命不祐，行矣哉！
Without pretense
Firmness comes from without and becomes master on the inside
Movement with lasting vigor
The firm (is) central and resonant
Great fulfillment (is) according to integrity
Heaven’s higher law
For one without integrity there will be suffering
(And) not (much) reward in having somewhere to go
(While) without pretense there is forward progress
How is this so?
Heaven’s higher law is not protection:
(It is) movement itself!
Xiang Zhuan
^ heaven, the sky
天下雷行，物與無妄。先王以茂對時育萬物。
Beneath the sky moves thunder
The creatures interact without pretensions
The early sovereigns, accordingly, flourished according to season
And nurtured the myriad beings
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 6
heaven ^
合天之衢，道大行。
26.6x What is heaven’s course?
The way the great advance
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, higher nature; the sky, celestial
大畜，剛健篤實輝光，日新其德，剛上而尚賢，能止健，大正。不家食吉，養賢。利涉大川，應乎天。
“Vowing to train at chariot and defense,” which would preserve some of the impli-
cation of dedicated sacrifice suggested by the Zhi Gua.
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky
天在山中，大畜。君子以多識前言往行，以畜其德。
Heaven dwells in the midst of the mountain
Raising great beasts
The noble young one makes use of large stores of knowledge
of prior ideas and past deeds
With which to develop such character
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
頤贞吉，養正則吉。觀頤，觀其所養。自求口實，觀其自養。天地養萬物，聖人養賢以及萬民。頤之時大矣哉！
Hungry mouth
Persistence (is) promising:
Nourish uprightness (and) in due order good fortune
Study the hungry mouth:
Study what is the purpose in nourishment
From the searching mouth (to) the feeding:
Study what are the sources of nourishment
Heaven (and) earth nourish the myriad beings
The wise ones nourish the worthy
(and) thereby reach the whole of humanity
Hungry mouth’s opportune timing (is) very important here!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven’s, the sky’s, heavenly, celestial
習坎，重險。水流而不盈，行險而不失其信。維心亨，乃以剛中。行有尚，往有功。天險不可升，地險山川丘陵。王公設險以守其國，險之時用大矣哉！
Repeated exposure
(Means) twice the risk
The water replenishes but does not pile up
Making progress (through) risk yet never losing its confidence
To keep the heart secure (is) fulfillment:
When making use of the firmness within
Progress will be valued:
To continue on will be an accomplishment
Heavenly hazards do not permit climbing
Earthly hazards (are) mountains (and) rivers, hills (and) heights
Sovereigns (and) patriarchs arrange hazards in order to protect their domains
Risk’s timely application (is) very important here!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
離麗，日月麗乎天，百糓草木麗乎土。重明以麗乎正，乃化成天下。柔麗乎中正，故亨。是以畜牝牛吉。
Arising
(Means) to be conditioned
The sun (and) moon (are) conditioned upon heaven
The hundreds of grasses, the plants
(and) the trees are conditioned upon the earth
Doubled clarity, accordingly, (is) conditioned upon the true
Then transformation completes (all things) under heaven
The flexible (is) conditioned upon the central (and) correct
Given this, fulfillment
And so it is that to care for the cow (is) promising
→ 01.5
(in, of) heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 31.T
離麗，日月麗乎天，百糓草木麗乎土。重明以麗乎正，乃化成天下。柔麗乎中正，故亨。是以畜牝牛吉。
Arising
(Means) to be conditioned
The sun (and) moon (are) conditioned upon heaven
The hundreds of grasses, the plants
(and) the trees are conditioned upon the earth
Doubled clarity, accordingly, (is) conditioned upon the true
Then transformation completes (all things) under heaven
The flexible (is) conditioned upon the central (and) correct
Given this, fulfillment
And so it is that to care for the cow (is) promising
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
咸，感。柔上而剛下，二气感應以相與。止而説，男下女，是以亨利贞取女吉。天地感而萬物化生，聖人感人心而天下和平。觀其所感，而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Reciprocity
(Means) being moved
The flexible (is) above while the firm (is) below
The two vital forces (are) moved in resonance
(And) with this support each other
Stillness and enjoyment
The masculine submits to the feminine
And so it is that fulfillment rewards persistence
(And) to court the young woman (is) promising
Heaven (and) earth move each other
And so the myriad beings transform (and) come to life
The wise ones move the human heart
And all under heaven respond with peace
Comprehend this function of touch
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 01.5
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 32.T
咸，感。柔上而剛下，二气感應以相與。止而説，男下女，是以亨利贞取女吉。天地感而萬物化生，聖人感人心而天下和平。觀其所感，而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Reciprocity
(Means) being moved
The flexible (is) above while the firm (is) below
The two vital forces (are) moved in resonance
(And) with this support each other
Stillness and enjoyment
The masculine submits to the feminine
And so it is that fulfillment rewards persistence
(And) to court the young woman (is) promising
Heaven (and) earth move each other
And so the myriad beings transform (and) come to life
The wise ones move the human heart
And all under heaven respond with peace
Comprehend this function of touch
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
heaven, the sky, celestial
咸，感。柔上而剛下，二气感應以相與。止而説，男下女，是以亨利贞取女吉。天地感而萬物化生，聖人感人心而天下和平。觀其所感，而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Reciprocity
(Means) being moved
The flexible (is) above while the firm (is) below
The two vital forces (are) moved in resonance
(And) with this support each other
Stillness and enjoyment
The masculine submits to the feminine
And so it is that fulfillment rewards persistence
(And) to court the young woman (is) promising
Heaven (and) earth move each other
And so the myriad beings transform (and) come to life
The wise ones move the human heart
And all under heaven respond with peace
Comprehend this function of touch
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
恆，久。剛上而柔下，雷風相與，巽而動，剛柔皆應。恆。恆亨無咎利贞，久於其道。天地之道恆久而不已。利有攸往，終則有始。日月得天而能久照，四時變化而能久成。聖人久於其道而天下化成。觀其所恆而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Continuity
(Means) to endure
The firm (is) above and the flexible (is) below
Thunder (and) wind support each other
Versatile and energetic
The firm (and) the flexible fully correspond
Continuity
Continuity fulfills (and) nothing (is) wrong,
Worthwhile to be persistent:
Enduring (is) upon one’s own path
Heaven’s (and) earth’s courses
Continue, going on and (on) without end
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
At the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
Sun and moon take the sky
and so (are) able to continue in brilliance
The four seasons evolve (and) turn
And so are able to continue accomplishing
The wise ones endure upon their paths
And all under heaven (is) transformed (and) completed
Comprehend what is meant to be continued
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 01.5
heaven; the sky, firmament, celestial
恆，久。剛上而柔下，雷風相與，巽而動，剛柔皆應。恆。恆亨無咎利贞，久於其道。天地之道恆久而不已。利有攸往，終則有始。日月得天而能久照，四時變化而能久成。聖人久於其道而天下化成。觀其所恆而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Continuity
(Means) to endure
The firm (is) above and the flexible (is) below
Thunder (and) wind support each other
Versatile and energetic
The firm (and) the flexible fully correspond
Continuity
Continuity fulfills (and) nothing (is) wrong,
Worthwhile to be persistent:
Enduring (is) upon one’s own path
Heaven’s (and) earth’s courses
Continue, going on and (on) without end
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
At the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
Sun and moon take the sky
and so (are) able to continue in brilliance
The four seasons evolve (and) turn
And so are able to continue accomplishing
The wise ones endure upon their paths
And all under heaven (is) transformed (and) completed
Comprehend what is meant to be continued
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 37.T
恆，久。剛上而柔下，雷風相與，巽而動，剛柔皆應。恆。恆亨無咎利贞，久於其道。天地之道恆久而不已。利有攸往，終則有始。日月得天而能久照，四時變化而能久成。聖人久於其道而天下化成。觀其所恆而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Continuity
(Means) to endure
The firm (is) above and the flexible (is) below
Thunder (and) wind support each other
Versatile and energetic
The firm (and) the flexible fully correspond
Continuity
Continuity fulfills (and) nothing (is) wrong,
Worthwhile to be persistent:
Enduring (is) upon one’s own path
Heaven’s (and) earth’s courses
Continue, going on and (on) without end
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
At the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
Sun and moon take the sky
and so (are) able to continue in brilliance
The four seasons evolve (and) turn
And so are able to continue accomplishing
The wise ones endure upon their paths
And all under heaven (is) transformed (and) completed
Comprehend what is meant to be continued
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
heaven, the sky, celestial
恆，久。剛上而柔下，雷風相與，巽而動，剛柔皆應。恆。恆亨無咎利贞，久於其道。天地之道恆久而不已。利有攸往，終則有始。日月得天而能久照，四時變化而能久成。聖人久於其道而天下化成。觀其所恆而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Continuity
(Means) to endure
The firm (is) above and the flexible (is) below
Thunder (and) wind support each other
Versatile and energetic
The firm (and) the flexible fully correspond
Continuity
Continuity fulfills (and) nothing (is) wrong,
Worthwhile to be persistent:
Enduring (is) upon one’s own path
Heaven’s (and) earth’s courses
Continue, going on and (on) without end
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
At the end, in due order, there will be a beginning
Sun and moon take the sky
and so (are) able to continue in brilliance
The four seasons evolve (and) turn
And so are able to continue accomplishing
The wise ones endure upon their paths
And all under heaven (is) transformed (and) completed
Comprehend what is meant to be continued
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
Xiang Zhuan
^ heaven, the sky
天下有山，遁。君子以遠小人，不惡而嚴。
Beneath the sky is a mountain
Distancing
The noble young one, accordingly,
is distant from the common people
Not with ill will, but with reserve
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
大壮，大者壮。剛以動，故壮。大壮利贞，大者正。正大而天地之晴可見矣。
Big (and) strong
Greatness is that which is strong
The firm applies force
Hence, strength
Big (and) strong, worthwhile to persist:
Greatness implies being correct
Be correct in greatness and then heaven (and) earth
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
(the) heaven(s), sky(ies)
雷在天上，大壮。君子以非礼弗履。
Thunder in the sky above
Big and strong
The noble young one, accordingly, outside of respect,
will not take a step
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 6
(the) sky
出登于天，照四國。獲入于地，失則。
36.6x At first rising into the sky:
To illuminate the four domains
* At last going into the earth:
Disregarding due order
Tuan Zhuan
(is, are) heaven; the sky, celestial
家人，女正位乎內，男正位乎外。男女正，天地之大義。家人有嚴君焉，父母之謂。父父，子子，兄兄，弟弟，夫夫，婦婦，而家道正。正家而天下定矣。
Family members
The woman’s true dignity lies within
The man’s true dignity lies without
The masculine (and) feminine principles
(Are) heaven’s (and) earth’s greater meanings
Family members have dignities (and) nobilities herein
Father (and) mother have their titles
(When) father (is) father (and) child (is) child
(When) elder brother (is) elder (and) younger (is) younger
(When) husband (is) husband (and) wife (is) wife
Then the family’s course (is) upheld
Uphold the family and all under heaven arranges itself
→ 01.5
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 44.T
家人，女正位乎內，男正位乎外。男女正，天地之大義。家人有嚴君焉，父母之謂。父父，子子，兄兄，弟弟，夫夫，婦婦，而家道正。正家而天下定矣。
Family members
The woman’s true dignity lies within
The man’s true dignity lies without
The masculine (and) feminine principles
(Are) heaven’s (and) earth’s greater meanings
Family members have dignities (and) nobilities herein
Father (and) mother have their titles
(When) father (is) father (and) child (is) child
(When) elder brother (is) elder (and) younger (is) younger
(When) husband (is) husband (and) wife (is) wife
Then the family’s course (is) upheld
Uphold the family and all under heaven arranges itself
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
睽，火動而上，澤動而下。二女同居，其志不同行。説而麗乎明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛。是以小事吉。天地睽而其事同，男女睽而其志通，萬物睽而其事類。睽之時用大矣哉！
Estrangement
The fire moves, but (only) upwards
The lake moves, but (only) downwards
Two women dwell together
(But) their intentions do not function as one
Enjoyment, along with dependence on clarity
The flexible advances, and so improves (its) conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so it is that ordinary matters (are) promising
Heaven (and) earth diverge, but still their endeavors converge
Masculine (and) feminine diverge, but their objectives interact
The myriad beings diverge, but their affairs (are) interrelated
Estrangement’s timely application (is) very important here!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
觧，險以動，動而免乎險，觧。觧利西南，往得衆也。其來復吉，乃得中也。有攸往，夙吉，往有功也。天地觧而雷雨作，雷雨作而百果草木皆甲坼。觧之時大矣哉！
Release
Crisis leads to movement
Movement then gets free of crisis
Released
Release favors the west to the south:
To go (is) to gain the multitude
One’s coming return (is) promising:
Here to find the center
(In) having somewhere to go, to be prompt (is) promising:
(In) making progress there will be achievement
Heaven (and) earth let loose as thunder (and) rain get to work
Thunder (and) rain go to work, and hundreds of seed pods
Of plants (and) trees, as one, begin to burst
Release’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; the sky, celestial
益，損上益下，民説無疆。自上下下，其道大光。利有攸往，中正有慶。利涉大川，木道乃行。益，動而巽，日進無疆。天施地生，其益無方。凡益之道，與時偕行。
Increasing
Decreasing the lofty to increase the humble
The people’s satisfaction is not a limitation
From the lofty down to the humble
Such a course (is) highly exemplary
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Concentration (and) uprightness will be rewarding
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
The nature of wood leads to progress
Increase moves while adapting
The day’s progress is not a limitation
Heaven confers, the earth brings forth
This increase is without directives
The general increase is that of the way,
Sharing the time (and) moving in union
→ 01.5
Xiang Zhuan
heaven, the sky; sky v
澤上於天，夬。君子以施祿及下，居德則忌。
The lake rises into the sky
Decisiveness
The noble young one, accordingly,
Dispenses favor to reach those below
Resting on virtue is thereby avoided
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 5
heaven
九五含章，中正也。有隕自天，志不舍命也。
44.5x Nine fifth’s display (of) restraint:
(Of) concentration (and) integrity
* (These) will have fallen from heaven:
The intentions do not forsake higher purpose
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
姤，遇也。柔遇剛也。勿用取女，不可與長也。天地相遇，品物咸章也。剛遇中正，天下大行也。姤之時義大矣哉！
Dissipation
(Means) to encounter
The flexible encounters the firm
Not at all useful to court (this) woman:
Not suited to enduring together
Heaven (and) earth encounter each other
(And) the varieties of beings join in the composition
Firmness encounters (with) concentration (and) integrity
(And) all under heaven make great advances
Chance encounter’s proper timing (is) very important here!
→ 01.5
(and) heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 55.T
姤，遇也。柔遇剛也。勿用取女，不可與長也。天地相遇，品物咸章也。剛遇中正，天下大行也。姤之時義大矣哉！
Dissipation
(Means) to encounter
The flexible encounters the firm
Not at all useful to court (this) woman:
Not suited to enduring together
Heaven (and) earth encounter each other
(And) the varieties of beings join in the composition
Firmness encounters (with) concentration (and) integrity
(And) all under heaven make great advances
Chance encounter’s proper timing (is) very important here!
Xiang Zhuan
^ heaven, the sky
天下有風，姤。后以施命誥四方。
Beneath the sky is the wind
Dissipation
Rulers, accordingly, issue commands and decrees
in all four directions
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven’s, the sky’s, celestial
萃，聚也。順以説，剛中而應，故聚也。王假有廟，致孝享也。利見大人亨，聚以正也。用大牲吉，利有攸往，順天命也。觀其所聚，而天地萬物之情可見矣。
Collectedness
(Means) to congregate
Acceptance behind satisfaction
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Hence, congregation
The sovereign approaches his temple:
To convey the filial offering
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being making an offering:
Concentrating with integrity
To offer great sacrifices (is) promising,
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Agreeing with heaven’s higher order
Study the reason to congregate
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 01.5
heaven, the sky, celestial
萃，聚也。順以説，剛中而應，故聚也。王假有廟，致孝享也。利見大人亨，聚以正也。用大牲吉，利有攸往，順天命也。觀其所聚，而天地萬物之情可見矣。
Collectedness
(Means) to congregate
Acceptance behind satisfaction
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Hence, congregation
The sovereign approaches his temple:
To convey the filial offering
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being making an offering:
Concentrating with integrity
To offer great sacrifices (is) promising,
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Agreeing with heaven’s higher order
Study the reason to congregate
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
革，水火相息，二女同居，其志不相得，曰革。已日乃孚，革而信之。文明以説，大亨以正，革而當，其悔乃亡。天地革而四時成，湯武革命，順乎天而應乎人，革之時大矣哉！
Seasonal change
Water (and) fire subdue each other
Two women dwell together
(But) their aims are not mutual gain
So this is called seasonal change
Complete the day and then be sure:
Change and then believe in it
Refinement (and) clarity behind satisfaction
Great fulfillment (is) according to correctness
Change is then appropriate
One’s regrets then pass
Heaven (and) earth change and so the four seasons are fulfilled
Tang and Wu changed the mandates
Complying with heaven while resonating with humanity
Seasonal change’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
→ 01.5
heaven, the sky, celestial
革，水火相息，二女同居，其志不相得，曰革。已日乃孚，革而信之。文明以説，大亨以正，革而當，其悔乃亡。天地革而四時成，湯武革命，順乎天而應乎人，革之時大矣哉！
Seasonal change
Water (and) fire subdue each other
Two women dwell together
(But) their aims are not mutual gain
So this is called seasonal change
Complete the day and then be sure:
Change and then believe in it
Refinement (and) clarity behind satisfaction
Great fulfillment (is) according to correctness
Change is then appropriate
One’s regrets then pass
Heaven (and) earth change and so the four seasons are fulfilled
Tang and Wu changed the mandates
Complying with heaven while resonating with humanity
Seasonal change’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
歸妹，天地之大義也。天地不交，而萬物不興，歸妹，人之終始也。説以動，所歸妹也。征凶，位不當也。無攸利，柔乘剛也。
Little sister’s marriage
Heaven (and) earth have their meanings in wholeness
(When) heaven (and) earth do not interact
Then the myriad beings do not come to be
Little sister’s marriage (is) humanity’s end (and) beginning
Satisfaction (as) a way to move
(Is) the reason for little sister’s marriage
To go boldly (is) inauspicious:
The dignity is not appropriate
Not a direction with merit:
The yielding takes advantage of the firm
→ 01.5
(if, when, where) heaven, the sky
歸妹，天地之大義也。天地不交，而萬物不興，歸妹，人之終始也。説以動，所歸妹也。征凶，位不當也。無攸利，柔乘剛也。
Little sister’s marriage
Heaven (and) earth have their meanings in wholeness
(When) heaven (and) earth do not interact
Then the myriad beings do not come to be
Little sister’s marriage (is) humanity’s end (and) beginning
Satisfaction (as) a way to move
(Is) the reason for little sister’s marriage
To go boldly (is) inauspicious:
The dignity is not appropriate
Not a direction with merit:
The yielding takes advantage of the firm
Xiao Xiang 6
^ (at, to) heaven’s; the sky’s, celestial
豐其屋，天際翔也。闚其戶，闃其無人，自藏也。
55.6x (So) rich (are) their dwellings:
(Having) soared to heaven’s threshold
* Peering through their doorways
Desolate in their want of others:
A consequence of concealment
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; ^ heaven, the sky 07.T
豐，大也。明以動，故豐。王假之，尚大也。勿憂宜日中，宜照天下也。日中則昃，月盈則食，天地盈虛，與時消息，而況於人乎，況於鬼神乎。
Abundance
(Means) greatness
Intelligence (is) behind movement
Given this, abundance
The sovereign approaches this:
Appreciate the greatness
Do not be anxious, (it) suits the sun (to be at) midday:
Appropriate for illuminating all under heaven
The sun (at) midday, in due order, goes down
The moon (at) full, in due order, (is) consumed
(If) heaven (and) earth fill up (and) empty out
In accord with the time (in both) waning (and) waxing
Then how much more true for humanity!
(And) how much more true for the ghosts and the spirits!
→ 01.5
(if, when) heaven, the sky, celestial
豐，大也。明以動，故豐。王假之，尚大也。勿憂宜日中，宜照天下也。日中則昃，月盈則食，天地盈虛，與時消息，而況於人乎，況於鬼神乎。
Abundance
(Means) greatness
Intelligence (is) behind movement
Given this, abundance
The sovereign approaches this:
Appreciate the greatness
Do not be anxious, (it) suits the sun (to be at) midday:
Appropriate for illuminating all under heaven
The sun (at) midday, in due order, goes down
The moon (at) full, in due order, (is) consumed
(If) heaven (and) earth fill up (and) empty out
In accord with the time (in both) waning (and) waxing
Then how much more true for humanity!
(And) how much more true for the ghosts and the spirits!
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
兌，説也。剛中而柔外，説以利贞，是以順乎天，而應乎人。説以先民，民忘其勞；説以犯難，民忘其死；説之大，民勸矣哉！
Satisfaction
(Means) pleasure
The firm (is) within and the flexible without
Pleasure, accordingly, rewards persistence
And so it is complying with heaven
And resonant in humanity
(When) pleasure (is) used to lead a people
The people forget their weariness
(When) pleasure (is) used in challenging difficulties
The people forget their mortality
Pleasure’s great importance
(Is) truly in the people’s encouragement!
→ 01.5
Tuan Zhuan
heaven, the sky, celestial
節亨，剛柔分，而剛得中。苦節不可贞，其道窮也。説以行險，當位以節，中正以通。天地節，而四時成。節以制度，不傷財，不害民。
Boundaries (mean) fulfillment
The firm (and) the flexible (are) evenly apportioned
While firmness secures the center
Bitter limitations do not invite commitment:
This path dead ends
Satisfaction behind movement at risk
An appropriate place to use boundaries
Balanced (and) principled in order to follow through
Heaven (and) earth (are) constrained
And so the four seasons are completed
Boundaries serve to define the measures
(But) without encroachment on property
(And) without harm to the people
→ 01.5
Xiao Xiang 6
the sky
翰音登于天，何可長也。
61.6x The rooster’s pronouncements rise into the sky:
How could this be continued?
Tuan Zhuan
heaven; higher nature; the sky, celestial
中孚，柔在內而剛得中。説而巽，孚乃化邦也。豚魚吉，信及豚魚也。利涉大川，乘木舟虛也。中孚以利贞，乃應乎天也。
The truth within
Flexibility dwells within while firmness secures the center
Satisfaction with adaptation
The true will then transform the realm
Piglets (and) fishes - promising:
Trust (is) extended to piglets (and) fishes
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
Relying on a wooden boat’s hollowness
The truth within (is) accordingly worth (the) persistence:
Then (one) resonates with heaven
→ 01.5
Homophones (tian)
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