凶
xiong1Mathews: 2808GSR: 1183a
Dictionary Definition
(to be) unfortunate, ill-omened, inauspicious, bitter, unlucky, unlikely, untimely, disappointing, foreboding, ominous, unhappy, sad, miserable, disastrous, adverse, stuck, bad, baleful, brutal, fierce, ferocious, cruel, intractable, malevolent, fearsome, fearful, tragic; caught, trapped; (a, the) (has, have, having) trouble, pitfall, misfortune, failure, disappointment, accident, adversity, woe, bad (luck, omen, sign), unhappiness, misery, suffering; the worst; (to) fail; fear (s, ed, ing); bodes ill (for); (in) trouble(s), (has/holds) pitfall(s)
Radical: 17+2 | First occurrence: Hexagram 03.5
Concordance & Context (90 occurrences)
Entries shown in Hatcher's reference chain order. First Witness at 03.5
5th Line★
(is) unfortunate, foreboding; (has) pitfalls "
屯其膏，小贞吉，大贞凶。
Collecting one’s riches
A little persistence is promising
A lot of persistence has pitfalls
Stats: 17+2→ 06.0
Gua Ci
unfortunate, adverse, disappointing, too late
訟：有孚，窒惕，中吉，終凶。利見大人，不利涉大川。
Being true yet opposed
Wariness in the middle is promising
At the end, unfortunate
Worthwhile to meet a mature human being
Not worthwhile to cross the great stream
→ 07.1
1st Line
(is) unfortunate, ominous, foreboding
師出以律，否臧凶。
The militia sets out according to codes
To deny good order is unfortunate
→ 03.5
Tuan Zhuan
unfortunate
訟，上剛下險，險而健，訟。訟有孚窒惕，中吉，剛來而得中也。終凶，訟不可成也。利見大人，尚中正也。不利涉大川，入于淵也。
Contention
Above (is) firmness, below (is) risk
At risk and yet tenacious
(Means) contention
Contention
Being true (yet) opposed,
Wariness in the middle (is) promising:
The firm comes forward and gains the center
At the end, unfortunate:
Contention is not suited to completion
Worthwhile to meet a mature human being:
To honor the central and true
Not worthwhile to cross the great stream:
(This) leads to the abyss
Xiao Xiang 1
(is) unfortunate
師出以律，失律凶也。
07.1x The militia sets out according to codes:
To forget the codes (is) unfortunate
3rd Line
unfortunate, unhappy, brutal
師或輿尸，凶。
A militia likely to transport fatalities
Brutal
→ 03.5
5th Line
(is) unfortunate, inauspicious; has pitfalls "
田有禽，利執言，無咎。長子帥師，弟子輿尸，贞凶。
The hunt takes captives
Worthwhile to manage the talking
Avoid error
The elder son captains the militia
The younger son transports fatalities
Constancy is inauspicious
→ 03.5
Gua Ci
(is, are) (v) unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky (v)
比：吉。原筮，元永贞，無咎。不寧方來，後夫凶。
Promising
For a first consultation, supreme and enduring commitment
Not a mistake
Wanting peace, approach directly
The late are the unfortunate ones
→ 03.5
6th Line
unfortunate, ill-omened; trouble, pitfalls
比之無首，凶。
Joining with them without leadership
Unfortunate
→ 09.6
Tuan Zhuan
v unfortunate v
比，吉也。比，輔也。下順從也。原筮，元永贞，無咎，以剛中也。不寧方來，上下應也。後夫凶，其道窮也。
Belonging
(Means) promise
Belonging
(Means) confirmation
The humble respond (and) follow
(For) a first consultation, supreme and enduring commitment
(And) not a mistake:
Due to firmness in the center
Wanting peace, approach directly:
Above (and) below (are) resonant
The late are the unfortunate ones:
This path runs out
6th Line
fails; (is) unlucky, ill-omened; misfortune "
既雨既處，尚德載。婦贞厲。月幾望，君子征凶。
It has already rained, it is already settled
Value the merits already conveyed
The woman’s persistence is difficult
as the moon approaches full
The noble young one’s expedition fails
→ 10.3
Xiao Xiang 6
fails
既雨既處，德積載也。君子征凶，有所疑也。
09.6x (It has) already rained, (it is) already settled
The merits (already) gathered (and) conveyed
* The noble young one’s expedition fails:
There is a place for uncertainty
3rd Line
misfortune, bad luck, failure, disappointment
眇能視，跛能履。履虎尾，咥人，凶。武人為于大君。
The one-eyed are still able to see
The lame are still able to take steps
Treading upon the tiger’s tail
Is the bitten one’s misfortune
The military man works for a greater noble
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
misfortune
眇能視，不足以有明也。跛能履，不足以與行也。咥人之凶，位不當也。武人為于大君，志剛也。
10.3x The one-eyed (are still) able to see:
Not well enough to claim vision
* The lame (are still) able to take steps:
Not well enough to travel along with
* The bitten one’s misfortune:
The position was less than appropriate
* The military man works for a greater noble:
The purpose (is) firm
1st Line
disappointing, foreboding, inauspicious
鸣豫，凶。
Proclaiming readiness
Disappointing
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 1
(in) disappointment
初六鸣豫，志窮凶也。
16.1x First six proclaims readiness:
The resolve (is) exhausted (in) disappointment
4th Line
(is) unfortunate, inauspicious, has pitfalls "
隨有獲，贞凶。有孚在道，以明，何咎。
Following to achieve success
Persistence has pitfalls
Being truly on the path,
Using clarity,
Where is the error?
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 4
pitfalls
隨有獲，其義凶也。有弗在道，明功也。
17.4x Following to achieve success:
This means pitfalls
* Being truly on the path,
Clarity (is) the success
Gua Ci
unfortunate, inauspicious, disappointing
臨，元亨，利贞。至于八月有凶。
The greatest fulfillment rewards persistence
To arrive in the eighth month* would be unfortunate
→ 03.5
Tuan Zhuan
unfortunate
臨，剛浸而長，説而順，剛中而應。大亨以正，天之道也。至于八月有凶，消不久也。
Taking charge
Firmness penetrates and so prevails
Satisfaction along with acceptance
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Great fulfillment (is) due to correctness
(As is) heaven’s course
To arrive in the eighth month would be unfortunate:
Waning does not take long
6th Line
unfortunate, inauspicious, ominous, brutal
何校滅耳，凶。
Wearing the cangue, hiding the ears
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
1st Line
(is) unfortunate, ill-omened; has pitfalls "
剝牀以足，蔑贞凶。
Depriving the bed of its legs
To dismiss (such)* persistence is unfortunate
→ 03.5
2nd Line
(is) unfortunate, ill-omened; has pitfalls "
剝牀以辨，蔑贞凶。
Depriving the bed of distinction
To dismiss (such)* persistence is unfortunate
→ 03.5
4th Line
unfortunate, ill-omened, ominous, brutal
剝牀以膚，凶。
Stripping the bed for its flesh
Ominous
→ 03.5
6th Line
unfortunate, ominous; misfortune, failure
迷復，凶，有災眚。用行師，終有大敗，以其國君凶，至于十年不克征。
Lost return
Ominous
There will be calamity and grave errors
If trying to advance the military
In the end there will be a major defeat
Reaching one’s domain and its nobility with misfortune
Even after ten years, no ability to campaign*
→ 03.5
(with) misfortune, adversity, failure, misery
迷復，凶，有災眚。用行師，終有大敗，以其國君凶，至于十年不克征。
Lost return
Ominous
There will be calamity and grave errors
If trying to advance the military
In the end there will be a major defeat
Reaching one’s domain and its nobility with misfortune
Even after ten years, no ability to campaign*
Xiao Xiang 6
misfortune
迷復之凶，反君道也。
24.6x Lost return comes to misfortune:
The opposite of a noble course
1st Line
unfortunate, disappointing, unlucky, sad
舍爾靈龜，觀我朵頤，凶。
Forsaking your spirit tortoise*
Looking at me with hungry mouth hanging open
Disappointing
→ 03.5
2nd Line
(is) misfortune, unfortunate; failure, pitfalls "
顪頤，拂經于丘頤，征凶。
Subverted appetites
Dismissing the customary,
Going into the hills hungering
Going boldly into failure
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 2
(into) failure
六二征凶，行失類。
27.2x Six second goes boldly (into) failure:
Behavior (that) strays from its kind
3rd Line
(is) unfortunate, unlikely, has pitfalls "
拂頤，贞凶。十年勿用，無攸利。
Dismissing the appetites
Persistence has pitfalls
For ten years not to be functional
Is not a direction with merit
→ 03.5
3rd Line
ominous, unfortunate, ill-omened, trouble
棟橈，凶。
The ridgepole is deformed
Ominous
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
trouble
棟橈之凶，不可以有輔。
28.3x The ridgepole’s deformity becomes trouble:
It is not enough to assume support
6th Line
unfortunate, ominous, brutal, unlucky
過涉滅頂，凶，無咎。
Too much to wade into, immersing one’s head
Brutal
Make no mistakes
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 6
bad luck
過涉之凶，不可咎。
28.6x Too much to wade into comes into bad luck:
But not deserving blame
1st Line
ominous, ill-omened, foreboding
習坎，入于坎窞，凶。
Twice the exposure
Going into the canyon’s inner recesses
Foreboding
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 1
(is) foreboding
習坎入坎，失道凶。
29.1x Twice the exposure going into the canyon:
To lose the way (is) foreboding
6th Line
(is) unfortunate, inauspicious, disappointing
係用徽纆，置于叢棘，三歲不得，凶。
Bound up with braided rope and stranded cord
Put away inside a thicket of thorny brambles
Three years without gains
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 6
(an) unfortunate
尚六失道，凶三歲。
29.6x Top six loses the way:
An unfortunate three years
3rd Line
unfortunate, sad, disappointing, bad luck
日昃之離，不鼔缻而謌，則大耋之嗟，凶。
The sun declines with its radiance
Not drumming on clay pots and singing
Leads to much of old age’s lament
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
2nd Line
disappointing, unfortunate, unlucky
咸其腓，凶。居吉。
Persuaded in one’s legs
Disappointing
To abide is timely
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 2
disappointing
雖凶居吉，順不害。
31.2x Even though disappointing, to abide (is) timely:
Acceptance does no harm
1st Line
(is) disappointing, unlikely; has pitfalls
濬恆，贞凶，無攸利。
Digging in to continue
Persistence has pitfalls
Not a direction with merit
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 1
pitfalls
濬恆之凶，始求深。
32.1x Digging in for continuity has pitfalls:
At the beginning (and) searching for depth
5th Line
(is, in) trouble, disappointment, adverse(ity)*
恆其德，贞。婦人吉，夫子凶。
(Fan Yao* 28.5: older woman finds herself a young man to marry)
To continue in one’s character means persistence
For a woman of maturity, promising
For a man in youth, disappointment*
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 5
(is) unlucky; trouble; has (its) pitfalls
婦人贞吉，從一而終。婦子制義從婦凶。
32.5x (For) a woman (of) maturity, persistence (is) promising:
To follow one through to completion
* (For) a man (in) youth, restraint (is) advised:
To follow the women (is) trouble
6th Line
unfortunate, foreboding, ill-omened
振恆，凶。
Continuously stimulated
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
1st Line
bodes ill; (is) unlucky, inauspicious (for) "
壮于趾，征凶，有孚。
Powerful in the toes
To go boldly bodes ill for staying confident
→ 03.5
2nd Line
(is) ill-omened, inauspicious; has pitfalls "
利贞，征凶。弗損，益之。
Worthwhile to be steadfast
To go boldly is ill-omened
Avoiding decrease increases one
→ 03.5
3rd Line
un fortunate, unhappy, adverse
益之用凶事，無咎。有孚，中行告公用珪。
Increase comes by way of unfortunate events
Avoid errors
Hold true and focused in conduct
Report to the prince, offer the jade credential
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
unfortunate
益用凶事，固有之也。
42.3x Increased by way of unfortunate events:
Certainly hold this (in mind)
6th Line
unfortunate, disappointing, ill-omened
莫益之，或擊之。立心勿恆，凶。
Nobody increases this one
Somebody assaults this one
Adopting an inconstant heart
Disappointing
→ 03.5
3rd Line
misfortune, disappointment, woe, (the) worst
壮于頄，有凶。君子夬夬，獨行遇雨，若濡有慍，無咎。
Vigorous in the cheekbones
Presuming the worst
The noble young one is resolved and decided
All alone in advancing, to greet the rain
As if getting wet
Were displeasure
Nothing is wrong
→ 03.5
6th Line
unfortunate, disappointing, unhappy, brutal
無號，終有凶。
No cry for help
The outcome will be unfortunate
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 6
misfortune
無號之凶，終不可長也。
43.6x No cry for help, approaching misfortune:
In the end, not fit to survive
1st Line
(the) unfortunate, unlucky (one); pitfalls
繫于金柅，贞吉。有攸往，見凶。羸豕孚之躅。
Secured by a metal brake
Persistence is promising
Have somewhere to go
Look at the unfortunate
The weak swine is sure to dig in and struggle
→ 03.5
4th Line
unhappiness, woe, disappointment
包無魚，起凶。
The creel holds no fish
Dawning disappointment
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 4
disappointment
無魚之凶，遠民也。
44.4x Wanting the fish in one’s disappointment:
(So) far from the others
2nd Line
(is, seems) foreboding, inauspicious, unlucky
困于酒食，朱紱方來，利用享祀。征凶，無咎。
Oppressed before wine and food
Scarlet-sashed nobles arrive with direction
Worthwhile and productive to offer up a sacrifice
Initiative seems foreboding
But this avoids mistakes
→ 03.5
3rd Line
un- fortunate, lucky, happy; disappointing
困于石，據于蒺藜，入于其宮，不見其妻，凶。
Oppressed by stones
Grasping at thorny brambles
Going into his house
But not seeing his wife
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
Gua Ci
unfortunate, disappointing, unlucky, sad
改邑不改井，無丧無得，往來井井。汔至亦未繘井，羸其瓶，凶。
Rearranging the town does not change the well
Neither losing nor gaining,
Whether leaving or arriving, the well is the well
To nearly reach
But then to fall short with the well rope
Or to damage its bucket
Is disappointing
→ 03.5
Tuan Zhuan
disappointment
巽乎水而上水，井。井養而不窮也。改邑不改井，乃以剛中也。汔至亦未繘井，未有功也。羸其瓶，是以凶也。
To penetrate beneath the water and so bring up the water
(Is) the well
The well provides, and yet will not be exhausted
Rearranging the town does not change the well:
Since this (is) using a constancy within
To nearly reach, but then to fall short (with) the well rope
(Is) to fall short of bringing up results
To damage its bucket:
This indeed leads to disappointment
3rd Line
(is) ill-omened, inauspicious; has pitfalls "
征凶，贞厲。革言三就，有孚。
To expedite has pitfalls
Commitment is difficult
When talk of change has circled three times
Then be sure
→ 03.5
6th Line
(is) ill-omened, inauspicious; has pitfalls "
君子豹變，小人革面。征凶，居贞吉。
A noble young one’s leopard transformation
Ordinary people merely change masks
To expedite has pitfalls
To abide in persistence is promising
→ 03.5
4th Line
woe, trouble; unfortunate, disappointing
鼎折足，覆公餗，其形渥，凶。
A cauldron with a broken leg
Overturning the duke’s meal
His person is soiled
Woe
→ 03.5
6th Line
(is) foreboding, ominous, unfortunate "
震索索，視矍矍，征凶。震不于其躬，于其鄰，無咎。婚媾有言。
(Fan Yao* 21.6: wearing the cangue, hiding ears, unfortunate)
The shock startles and confuses
Searching in wild-eyed panic
To go boldly is ominous
The shock is not in one’s being
Merely in one’s neighborhood
Make no mistakes
Even the marital suitor* might have something to say
→ 03.5
(is) foreboding, ominous, unfortunate "
震索索，視矍矍，征凶。震不于其躬，于其鄰，無咎。婚媾有言。
(Fan Yao* 21.6: wearing the cangue, hiding ears, unfortunate)
The shock startles and confuses
Searching in wild-eyed panic
To go boldly is ominous
The shock is not in one’s being
Merely in one’s neighborhood
Make no mistakes
Even the marital suitor* might have something to say
Xiao Xiang 6
ominous
震索索，中未得也。雖凶無咎，畏鄰戒也。
51.6x The shock startles (and) confuses:
The balance is not yet achieved
* Even though ominous, make no mistakes:
Pay heed to the neighboring warnings
ominous
震索索，中未得也。雖凶無咎，畏鄰戒也。
51.6x The shock startles (and) confuses:
The balance is not yet achieved
* Even though ominous, make no mistakes:
Pay heed to the neighboring warnings
3rd Line
unfortunate, disappointing, brutal, sad, cruel
鴻漸于陸，夫征不復，婦孕不育，凶，利禦寇。
The wild goose advances by degrees across the highlands
The husband, on expedition, never returns
The wife conceives but cannot raise her young
Brutal
Worthwhile to guard against predators
→ 03.5
Gua Ci
(is) unfortunate, inauspicious; has pitfalls "
歸妹，征凶，無攸利。
To go boldly has pitfalls
Not a direction with merit
→ 03.5
Tuan Zhuan
(is) inauspicious
歸妹，天地之大義也。天地不交，而萬物不興，歸妹，人之終始也。説以動，所歸妹也。征凶，位不當也。無攸利，柔乘剛也。
Little sister’s marriage
Heaven (and) earth have their meanings in wholeness
(When) heaven (and) earth do not interact
Then the myriad beings do not come to be
Little sister’s marriage (is) humanity’s end (and) beginning
Satisfaction (as) a way to move
(Is) the reason for little sister’s marriage
To go boldly (is) inauspicious:
The dignity is not appropriate
Not a direction with merit:
The yielding takes advantage of the firm
6th Line
unfortunate, disappointing, sad, miserable
豐其屋，蔀其家，闚其戶，闃其無人，三歲不覿，凶。
So rich are their dwellings
Screening away their own families
Peering through their doorways
Desolate in their want of others
Three years not seen face to face
Unfortunate
→ 03.5
6th Line
inauspicious, unfortunate, disappointing
鳥焚其巢，旅人先笑，後號咷。丧牛于易，凶。
Like a bird that burns its own nest
This strange individual begins to laugh
Then follows with wailing and weeping
Forfeiting cattle in the exchange
Disappointing
→ 03.5
6th Line
(is) disappointing; has (its) pitfalls; fails "
巽在床下，丧其資斧，贞凶。
Subtleties happening under the bed
Losing some valuables and an axe
Constancy has its pitfalls
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 6
(is, are) disappoint(ed, ment); failure; unfortunate
巽在床下，上窮也。丧其資斧，正乎凶也。
57.6x Subtle (things) happening under the bed:
The top (is) exhausted
* Losing some valuables (and) an axe:
“Correct” along with unfortunate
3rd Line
disappointing(ment); unfortunate; pitfalls
來兌，凶。
Future joy
Disappointing
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
disappointment
來兌之凶，位不當也。
58.3x Future joy holds disappointment:
The position is not appropriate
2nd Line
unfortunate, disappointing, untimely
不出門庭，凶。
Not going past the gate from the courtyard*
Disappointing
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 2
(is) disappointing
不出門庭，凶，失時極也。
60.2x Not going past the gate (from) the courtyard
(is) disappointing:
Losing the crucial timing
6th Line
(is) unfortunate, ill-omened; unhappiness "
苦節，贞凶，悔亡。
Bitter limitations
Persistence is unfortunate
Regrets pass
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 6
misfortune
苦節贞凶，其道窮也。
60.6x Bitter limitation (is) persistent misfortune:
This path dead ends
6th Line
(is) unfortunate, ill-omened; has pitfalls "
翰音登于天，贞凶。
The rooster’s pronouncements rise into the sky
Persistence has pitfalls
→ 03.5
1st Line
adversity, misfortune, trouble, bad luck
飛鳥以凶。
A flying bird on the way to misfortune
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 1
misfortune
飛鳥以凶，不可如何也。
62.1x A flying bird on the way to misfortune:
Seeming ill-suited to the task
3rd Line
unfortunate, inauspicious, unlucky, brutal
弗過防之，從或戕之，凶。
One is never beyond defending oneself
From behind someone might attack here
Unlucky
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
misfortune, bad luck ; ^ misfortune’s
從或戕之，凶如何也。
62.3x From behind someone might attack here:
Bad luck (only) seems responsible
6th Line
ill-omened, foreboding; (a) bad omen, sign
弗遇過之。飛鳥離之，凶，是謂災眚。
With no acknowledgement in passing others by
The flying birds get distance from this one
Bad omen
Surely a sign of calamity and suffering
→ 03.5
3rd Line
(is) unlucky, ill-omened; has pitfalls "
未濟，征凶。利涉大川。
If not yet across, to go boldly has pitfalls
It is worthwhile to cross the great stream
→ 03.5
Xiao Xiang 3
has pitfalls
未濟征凶，位不當也。
64.3x (If) not yet across, to go boldly has pitfalls:
The position is not appropriate
Homophones (xiong)
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