以
yi3Mathews: 2932GSR: 976b
Dictionary Definition
(a, the) how, instrument, means, method, way (of/to), use (of); cause, intention, motive, purpose, reason, usefulness (for/of/to); (to) use (as, by, in, for, with, to); make (use of); utilize; take (advantage of); apply, try (as, in, to); act (by, with); avail of; employ (as, in, for, to); serve, help (as, in, for, to); (thereby) become, come (from/to), follow; resort, reach, extend, lead; approach, consider, deal with, deem, mean, regard, take, think of/about, treat (as); profit by, benefit from; (s, ed, ing); by (using, taking), by (way, means) of, by that which, by such means; for (in, this; the purpose/sake of), useful for; with, with which (to), with (this, these); along with, together with; of, out of, the use of; through, through which, through using, through the use of; (in order/serving) to, to be/have; (and) accordingly, consequently, therefore, thus, thereby, therewith, since (it is, they are), because/on account (of), wherefore, on the ground(s) of which, from/out of this, due to; according to, in accord with; although, though; until, until one can, when, where; inasmuch, insofar as; is on the way to; into, before, behind, out of, into; it, itself, that; (to be) beneficial, profitable, useful (in/for/to); as (if) (a, the) (way, means) (to); (it, which) serves to; so as to; how, that, in this way, why 451
Radical: 9+3 | First occurrence: Hexagram 04.1
Concordance & Context (246 occurrences)
Entries shown in Hatcher's reference chain order. First Witness at 04.1
1st Line★
(but) for this; as a way, means; although
發蒙，利用刑人，用説桎梏，以往吝。
Delivering the inexperienced
It is worthwhile and useful to discipline another
If practiced to remove the shackles and cuffs
But for this to continue is a disgrace
Stats: 9+3→ 07.1
1st Line
by, with, by means of, using, according to
師出以律，否臧凶。
The militia sets out according to codes
To deny good order is unfortunate
→ 09.5
5th Line
makes use of, uses; (is) due to, by way of "
有孚攣如，富以其隣。
Being true is as good as a bond
Enrichment is by way of one’s neighbors
→ 11.1
1st Line
(and) thereby, thus, with this 12.1
拔茅茹以其彙，征吉。
Pulling up thatch grass roots
And with this, another cluster
To expedite* is promising
→ 11.4
4th Line
(of) making use of, due to, by way of "
翩翩，不富以其隣，不戒以孚。
Fluttering and fussing
Not much enrichment by way of these neighbors
Not guarding the way to truth
→ 11.4
(is) (the) way(s), means; use, extend, employ
翩翩，不富以其隣，不戒以孚。
Fluttering and fussing
Not much enrichment by way of these neighbors
Not guarding the way to truth
Tuan Zhuan
(and) thereby, with these; in order
大哉乾元，萬物資始，乃統天。雲行雨施，品物流形。大明終始，六位時成。時乘六龍以御天。乾道變化，各正性命，保合太和，乃利贞。首出庶物，萬國咸寧。
How great (is) creation’s source!
The myriad beings (are) provided beginnings
Along with all of the sky
Clouds pass, rain falls
The varieties of beings flow into form
Great light completes (then) begins
The six positions (are) by season fulfilled
Seasons to mount the six dragons
(And) with these to master the skies
Creation’s way (is) emergence (and) transformation
Each being true to inner nature (and) higher law
Security (is) joining in the highest attunement
It is this that rewards persistence
(As) leaders emerge from the numberless beings
The myriad realms come together in peace
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天行健，君子以自強不息。
Heaven moves inexhaustibly
The noble young one, accordingly,
is naturally energetic, without rest
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
(is) the way, means to; extends to; from this
六二之動，直以方也。不習無不利，地道光也。
02.2x Six second’s movement:
Straight (is) the way to square
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 3
for the sake of; the way, means to; to have
含章可贞，以時發也。或從王事，知光大也。
02.3x Restraining display (is) suited to persistence:
For the sake of timely development
* Someone engaged in the royal service
Knows (and) honors the whole
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 7
(a, the) way, means, thus to; for the sake of
用六永贞，以大終也。
02.7x Using six (with) enduring persistence:
For the sake of greater conclusions
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus; with
地勢坤，君子以厚德載物。
The earth’s capacity is acceptance
The noble young one, with tolerance of character,
Upholds the outer world
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
by (way, means of), through, for in
雖磐桓，志行正也。以貴下賤，大得民也。
03.1x Even with cliffs all around
The objective to make progress (is) correct
* By respecting the lowly (and) disregarded
The great gain humanity
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 3
in order, thinking, thereby
即鹿無虞，以從禽也。君子舍之，往吝窮也。
03.3x Pursuing the deer without preparation (or forester):
In order to follow the game
* The noble young one gives this up
To proceed (is) embarrassment (and) futility
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
雲雷屯，君子以經綸。
Clouds and thunder
Rallying
The noble young one, accordingly, sorts warp from weft
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
for the sake of
利用刑人，以正法也。
04.1x Worthwhile (and) useful to discipline another:
For the sake of ethical standards
Xiao Xiang 5
in order, (is) the way; thus, thereby "
童蒙之吉，順以巽也。
04.5x Youthful inexperience holds opportunity:
Accepting (is) the way to gain access
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
due to, with; by way, means of; according to
蒙，山下有險，險而止，蒙。蒙亨，以亨行時中也。匪我求童蒙，童蒙求我，志應也。初筮告，以剛中也。再三瀆，瀆則不告，瀆蒙也。蒙以養正，聖功也。
Inexperience
At the foot of the mountain are hazards
(To be) at risk and yet remain still
(Shows) inexperience
Inexperience (is) fulfilled:
According to fulfillment’s conduct at the heart of the time
It is not I (who) seeks the young (and) inexperienced,
The young (and) inexperienced seek me:
The objectives (are) complementary
The first consultation informs:
According to the firmness within
The second (and) third (show) disrespect
Disrespect deserves no information:
Disrespect (shows) immaturity
Inexperience (is) the way to cultivate uprightness
(This is) a sacred task
→ 04.1
due, according to; by way, means of 08.T
蒙，山下有險，險而止，蒙。蒙亨，以亨行時中也。匪我求童蒙，童蒙求我，志應也。初筮告，以剛中也。再三瀆，瀆則不告，瀆蒙也。蒙以養正，聖功也。
Inexperience
At the foot of the mountain are hazards
(To be) at risk and yet remain still
(Shows) inexperience
Inexperience (is) fulfilled:
According to fulfillment’s conduct at the heart of the time
It is not I (who) seeks the young (and) inexperienced,
The young (and) inexperienced seek me:
The objectives (are) complementary
The first consultation informs:
According to the firmness within
The second (and) third (show) disrespect
Disrespect deserves no information:
Disrespect (shows) immaturity
Inexperience (is) the way to cultivate uprightness
(This is) a sacred task
(is) (a, the) way, means; useful, employed
蒙，山下有險，險而止，蒙。蒙亨，以亨行時中也。匪我求童蒙，童蒙求我，志應也。初筮告，以剛中也。再三瀆，瀆則不告，瀆蒙也。蒙以養正，聖功也。
Inexperience
At the foot of the mountain are hazards
(To be) at risk and yet remain still
(Shows) inexperience
Inexperience (is) fulfilled:
According to fulfillment’s conduct at the heart of the time
It is not I (who) seeks the young (and) inexperienced,
The young (and) inexperienced seek me:
The objectives (are) complementary
The first consultation informs:
According to the firmness within
The second (and) third (show) disrespect
Disrespect deserves no information:
Disrespect (shows) immaturity
Inexperience (is) the way to cultivate uprightness
(This is) a sacred task
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山下出泉，蒙。君子以果行育德。
At the foot of the mountain emerges a spring
Inexperience
The noble young one, accordingly, proceeds to fruition
by nourishing character
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
consider, think of; use, apply (the)
需於沙，衍在中也。雖小有言，以吉終也。
05.2x Waiting on the sand:
Abundance lies in the middle
* Even though the small will talk
Consider the promising outcome
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
in order to; for the sake; on the way to
需於血，順以聽也。
05.4x Waiting in blood:
Comply on the way to comprehending
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
using, applying; making use of 06.5x
酒食贞吉，以中正也。
05.5x (At) wine (and) food, persistence (is) promising:
Making use of the mean(while) correctly
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(and) thereby, thus, accordingly; with, using
需，須也。險在前也，剛健而不陷，其義不困窮矣。需有孚，光亨，贞吉，位乎天位，以正中也。利涉大川，往有功也。
Anticipation
(Means) necessity
Hazards lie ahead
(Be) firm (and) persevering and so avoid complications
This means to avoid affliction (and) exhaustion completely
Anticipation
Be true
Honoring fulfillment, persistence is timely:
(Be) poised, with celestial dignity,
(And), accordingly, upright (and) balanced
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
To make progress will be an accomplishment
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
雲上於天，需。君子以飲食宴樂。
The clouds rise into the sky
Anticipation
The noble young one, accordingly,
Takes refreshment and sustenance
With peace of mind and cheer
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
use, make use of; using, making use of 16.2x
訟元吉，以中正也。
06.5x The contest (is) most promising:
Make use of the balance correctly*
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
using, by, through; by way, means of
以訟受服，亦不足敬也。
06.6x Using contention to be subjected to burdens:
Truly not a basis for honor
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天與水違行，訟。君子以作事謀始。
The sky together with water is contradiction in movement*
Contention
The noble young one, accordingly,
In undertaking the work, appraises beginnings
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
according to
師出以律，失律凶也。
07.1x The militia sets out according to codes:
To forget the codes (is) unfortunate
Xiao Xiang 5
by way, means of, using, according to
長子帥師，以中行也。弟子輿屍，使不當也。
07.5x The elder son captains the militia:
According to tempered action
* The younger son transports fatalities:
A commission would not be appropriate
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
by, through, with, according to
大君有命，以正功也。小人勿用，必亂邦也。
07.6x The seasoned noble assumes the mandate:
By right (of) merit
*Lesser people will not be used:
(They would) certainly confuse the domain
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
to employ, use, utilize, lead, serve
師，衆也。贞，正也。能以眾正，可以王矣。剛中而應，行險而順，以此毒天下，而民從之，吉又何咎矣。
The militia
(Means) the multitude
Persistence
(Means) uprightness
The skill to employ the multitude (with) uprightness
(Is) especially suited to use by the sovereign
The firm (is) central and resonant
The practice (is) hazardous, yet responsive
To apply this is toxic to all under heaven and yet the people endure behind it
(For their) welfare:
Given this, where is the error here?
→ 04.1
( ^) use, employment by, the purposes of
師，衆也。贞，正也。能以眾正，可以王矣。剛中而應，行險而順，以此毒天下，而民從之，吉又何咎矣。
The militia
(Means) the multitude
Persistence
(Means) uprightness
The skill to employ the multitude (with) uprightness
(Is) especially suited to use by the sovereign
The firm (is) central and resonant
The practice (is) hazardous, yet responsive
To apply this is toxic to all under heaven and yet the people endure behind it
(For their) welfare:
Given this, where is the error here?
using; to use, employ, apply, practice
師，衆也。贞，正也。能以眾正，可以王矣。剛中而應，行險而順，以此毒天下，而民從之，吉又何咎矣。
The militia
(Means) the multitude
Persistence
(Means) uprightness
The skill to employ the multitude (with) uprightness
(Is) especially suited to use by the sovereign
The firm (is) central and resonant
The practice (is) hazardous, yet responsive
To apply this is toxic to all under heaven and yet the people endure behind it
(For their) welfare:
Given this, where is the error here?
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus (is)
地中有水，師。君子以容民畜衆。
Within the earth there is water
The militia
The noble young one, accordingly,
Is tolerant towards the people
And cares for the multitude
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
in order; a way, means; serving 27.5x
外比於賢，以從上也。
08.4x Outwardly belonging among the worthy:
In order to follow the superior
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
due, according to; with, by way of 47.T
比，吉也。比，輔也。下順從也。原筮，元永贞，無咎，以剛中也。不寧方來，上下應也。後夫凶，其道窮也。
Belonging
(Means) promise
Belonging
(Means) confirmation
The humble respond (and) follow
(For) a first consultation, supreme and enduring commitment
(And) not a mistake:
Due to firmness in the center
Wanting peace, approach directly:
Above (and) below (are) resonant
The late are the unfortunate ones:
This path runs out
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
地上有水，比。先王以建萬國，親諸侯。
Across the earth there is water
Belonging
The early sovereigns, accordingly,
established the numerous realms
to make kinsmen of all of the leaders
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
風行天上，小畜。君子以懿文德。
The wind travels high in the sky
Raising small beasts
The noble young one, accordingly,
trains and refines the character
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 3
to, for (making, the purpose of)
眇能視，不足以有明也。跛能履，不足以與行也。咥人之凶，位不當也。武人為于大君，志剛也。
10.3x The one-eyed (are still) able to see:
Not well enough to claim vision
* The lame (are still) able to take steps:
Not well enough to travel along with
* The bitten one’s misfortune:
The position was less than appropriate
* The military man works for a greater noble:
The purpose (is) firm
→ 04.1
to, for (making, the purpose of)
眇能視，不足以有明也。跛能履，不足以與行也。咥人之凶，位不當也。武人為于大君，志剛也。
10.3x The one-eyed (are still) able to see:
Not well enough to claim vision
* The lame (are still) able to take steps:
Not well enough to travel along with
* The bitten one’s misfortune:
The position was less than appropriate
* The military man works for a greater noble:
The purpose (is) firm
Tuan Zhuan
that how "
履，柔履剛也。説而應乎乾，是以履虎尾，不咥人，亨。剛中正，履帝位而不疚，光明也。
Respectful conduct:
The flexible treads upon the firm
Pleasure, but also attunement with the creative
And so it is that treading upon the tiger’s tail,
Without (it) biting one, (is) success
The firm (is) central (and) correct
Taking steps in a divine place, and yet escaping suffering,
shows wisdom
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
上天下澤，履。君子以辯上下，定民志。
The sky above, the lake below
Respectful conduct
The noble young one, accordingly, distinguishes high and low
to steady the human purpose
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
(a, the) way, means; thereby, with this
包荒，得上于中行，以光大也。
11.2x Embrace the wilderness (and) learn the value
in balanced action:
Thereby to honor the important
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
(the) way
翩翩不復，皆失實也。不戒以孚，中心願也。
11.4x Fluttering (and) fussing, not much enrichment:
Completely neglecting the substance
* Not guarding the way to truth:
Within the heart (is) the hope
5th Line
meant, led to; (showed, was) (the) way to
帝乙歸妹，以祉元吉。
Lord Yi’s gift of his maiden daughter in marriage
Showed the way to happiness and supreme good fortune*
→ 12.1
Xiao Xiang 5
(showing) the way to
以祉元吉，中以行願也。
11.5x (Showing) the way to happiness (and) supreme good fortune:
In the center (is) the way to bring about the promise
(is) the way to
以祉元吉，中以行願也。
11.5x (Showing) the way to happiness (and) supreme good fortune:
In the center (is) the way to bring about the promise
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天地交，泰。后以財成天地之道，輔相天地之宜，以左右民。
Heaven and earth interact
Interplay
Their heirs, accordingly,
Enrich and complete heaven’s and earth’s natures
Confirming and reciprocating heaven’s and earth’s proper order
And thus supporting and protecting the people
→ 04.1
(and) the way; thus; serving ^(the people)
天地交，泰。后以財成天地之道，輔相天地之宜，以左右民。
Heaven and earth interact
Interplay
Their heirs, accordingly,
Enrich and complete heaven’s and earth’s natures
Confirming and reciprocating heaven’s and earth’s proper order
And thus supporting and protecting the people
1st Line
(and) thereby, thus, with this "
拔茅茹以其彙，贞吉，亨。
Pulling up thatch grass roots
And with this, another cluster
Persistence is promising and satisfying
→ 14.2
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天地不交，否。君子以儉德辟難，不可榮以祿。
Heaven and earth do not interact
Separating
The noble young one, accordingly,
conserves virtue and avoids trouble
Not allowing himself luxury in the form of compensation
→ 04.1
as, in, for, by way/means of, in the form of
天地不交，否。君子以儉德辟難，不可榮以祿。
Heaven and earth do not interact
Separating
The noble young one, accordingly,
conserves virtue and avoids trouble
Not allowing himself luxury in the form of compensation
Xiao Xiang 5
by, with, through; by way of
同人之先，以中直也。大師相遇，言相克也。
13.5x Fellowship with others with such a beginning:
Through balance (comes) orientation
* Mighty armies entertaining each other:
Praising each other’s abilities
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with, behind; apply, use, make use of; for
同人，柔得位得中而應乎乾，曰同人。同人曰，同人于野，亨。利涉大川，乾行也。文明以健，中正而應，君子正也。唯君子為能通天下之志。
Fellowship with others
The flexible finds a position, gains the center
and resonates with the creative
So this is called fellowship with others
Fellowship with others says that
Fellowship with others on the frontier (is) fulfillment
Worthwhile to cross the great stream
(Meaning) higher order endeavor
Refinement (and) clarity make use of strength
The central (lines) (are) correct (and) correspond
The noble young one (is) principled
Only the noble young one develops the capacity
To comprehend the direction of all under heaven
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
according to; uses; with, by
天與火，同人。君子以類族辨物。
Heaven accompanies flame
Fellowship with Others
The noble young one, according to kind and family,
distinguishes the beings
→ 04.1
2nd Line
(is) (used) for (the purpose of); (a) way to
大車以載，有攸往，無咎。
The great wagon is for loading
Have somewhere to go
Nothing is wrong
→ 17.4
Xiao Xiang 2
(is) for
大車以在，積中不敗也。
14.2x The great wagon (is) for loading:
To add to the middle (means) to be without loss
Xiao Xiang 5
serves; thereby; in order, thus
厥孚交如，信以發志也。威如之吉，易而無備也。
14.5x Their truths resemble commerce:
Confidence serves to manifest the purposes
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
accordingly; therefore "
大有，柔得尊位，大中而上下應之，曰大有。其德剛健而文明，應乎天而時行，是以元亨。
Big domain
The flexible finds a distinguished position, in the great center,
While high (and) low respond to this
So this is called big domain
Its qualities (are) firmness (and) vigor and also refinement (and) clarity
Resonating with heaven and moving with the seasons
This is, accordingly, supremely fulfilling
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
火在天上，大有。君子以遏惡揚善順天休命。
Flame in heaven above
Big domain
The noble young one, accordingly,
suppresses the bad and promotes the good
Accepting heaven’s terms and higher laws
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
for (the sake of); (is, as); (is) a way, means to
谦谦君子，卑以自牧也。
15.1x (The) authentic modesty (of) the noble young one:
Humility (is) a means to self-mastery
→ 04.1
5th Line
making use of, by way of, due to "
不富以其隣，利用侵伐，無不利。
No enrichment by way of these neighbors
Worthwhile and useful to occupy and subjugate*
Nothing cannot be turned to advantage
→ 17.4
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
地中有山，谦。君子以衰多益寡，穪物平施。
Within the earth is a mountain
Authenticity
The noble young one, accordingly,
diminishes the excessive and adds to the deficient
Appraising things with fair allocation*
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
using, applying, making use of 35.2x
不終日贞吉，以中正也。
16.2x (This) day will not end, persistence (is) promising:
Using the balance correctly
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
uses, using, makes use of; with; for; serves
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
→ 04.1
with, through, behind
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
use, make use of; behave, act (in, by, with)
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
use, make use of, behave (s) with, employs
豫，剛應而志行，順以動，豫。豫順以動，故天地如之，而況建侯行師乎！天地以順動，故日月不過而四時不忒。聖人以順動，則刑罰淸而民服。豫之時義大矣哉！
Readiness
Firmness resonates, and so the intentions (are) carried out
Responsiveness using movement
Readiness
Readiness responds with movement
Since heaven and earth (behave) like this
How much more true (this is) (for) establishing delegates
(And) mobilizing the reserves!
Heaven and earth behave with responsive movement
And so the sun and the moon never stray
And the four seasons do not vary
The wise ones make use of responsive movement
(And) as a result, punishments (and) penalties (are) specific
And the people consent
Readiness’ meaningful timing (is) very important now!
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
雷出地奮，豫。先王以作樂崇德，殷薦之上帝，以配祖考。
Thunder comes from the earth with energy
Readiness
The early sovereigns, accordingly,
composed music to celebrate merit
Enthusiastically offering this to the highest divinity*
→ 04.1
(in order) to, thereby to
雷出地奮，豫。先王以作樂崇德，殷薦之上帝，以配祖考。
Thunder comes from the earth with energy
Readiness
The early sovereigns, accordingly,
composed music to celebrate merit
Enthusiastically offering this to the highest divinity*
4th Line
(in order) to be; use(ing), with, through
隨有獲，贞凶。有孚在道，以明，何咎。
Following to achieve success
Persistence has pitfalls
Being truly on the path,
Using clarity,
Where is the error?
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤中有雷，隨。君子以嚮晦入宴息。
Within the pool there is thunder
Following
The noble young one, accordingly, approaching nightfall,
Goes indoors for refreshment and relaxation
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
for; using; due, according to; for the sake of
幹父用譽，承以德也。
18.5x Correcting father using praise:
Recognition for merit
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山下有風，蠱。君子以振民育德。
At the base of the mountain is wind
Detoxifying
The noble young one, accordingly,
stirs up the people to fortify character
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is, comes) by way of; due, according to "
臨，剛浸而長，説而順，剛中而應。大亨以正，天之道也。至于八月有凶，消不久也。
Taking charge
Firmness penetrates and so prevails
Satisfaction along with acceptance
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Great fulfillment (is) due to correctness
(As is) heaven’s course
To arrive in the eighth month would be unfortunate:
Waning does not take long
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤上有地，臨。君子以教思無窮，容保民無疆。
Above the pool is earth
Taking charge
The noble young one, accordingly,
instructs and plans without exhaustion,
Accepts and secures the people without drawing boundaries
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
for; (are) used (in), applied to; thus, thereby
大觀在上，順而巽，中正以觀天下。觀盥而不薦，有孚顒若，下觀而化也。觀天之神道，而四時不忒。聖人以神道設教，而天下服矣。
The great perspective lies above
Acceptance and versatility
Balance (and) uprightness (are) used in observing all under heaven
Observing
A cleansing but not a sacrifice,
Being true is as good as dignified:
Those below observe and so (are) transformed
Observing heaven’s sacred course and the four seasons’ lack of deviation
The wise ones use (these) sacred principles to establish (their) teachings
And so all under heaven simply consent
→ 04.1
use, make use of, apply, employ, consider (s)
大觀在上，順而巽，中正以觀天下。觀盥而不薦，有孚顒若，下觀而化也。觀天之神道，而四時不忒。聖人以神道設教，而天下服矣。
The great perspective lies above
Acceptance and versatility
Balance (and) uprightness (are) used in observing all under heaven
Observing
A cleansing but not a sacrifice,
Being true is as good as dignified:
Those below observe and so (are) transformed
Observing heaven’s sacred course and the four seasons’ lack of deviation
The wise ones use (these) sacred principles to establish (their) teachings
And so all under heaven simply consent
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
風行地上，觀。先王以省方觀民設教。
The wind moves over the earth
Perspective
The early sovereigns, accordingly, examined the regions
And comprehended their societies
To establish their doctrines
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
雷電噬嗑。先王以明罰敕法。
Thunder and lightning bite through
The early sovereigns, accordingly,
clarified penalties when declaring the laws
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
lead to, mean, serve, (are) useful to; behind
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
→ 04.1
thereby, thus, in order; as a way, means
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
thereby, thus, in order; as a way, means
賁亨，柔來而文剛，故亨。分剛上而文柔，故小利有攸往。天文文明以止，人文觀乎天文以察時變，觀乎人文以化成天下。
Adornment satisfies
The flexible comes forward and refines the firm
Consequently, satisfaction
Alternately, the firm rises upwards and refines the flexible
Consequently, a little worthwhile to have somewhere to go
(Even) heaven (has) a style
Refinement (and) clarity mean stability
(Such is) human culture
Look to heaven’s refinements
Thereby to study the seasonal changes
Look to humanity’s refinements
Thereby to transform (and) complete all under heaven
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山下有火，賁。君子以明庶政，無敢折獄。
At the foot of the mountain is flame
Adornment
The noble young one, accordingly, clarifies numerous policies*
But does not presume to execute justice
→ 04.1
1st Line
of (the use of); by (taking)
剝牀以足，蔑贞凶。
Depriving the bed of its legs
To dismiss (such)* persistence is unfortunate
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
of
剝牀以足，以滅下也。
23.1x Depriving the bed of (its) legs:
Thereby to cover up the lowly
thereby, in order; (as) (a, the) way, means
剝牀以足，以滅下也。
23.1x Depriving the bed of (its) legs:
Thereby to cover up the lowly
2nd Line
of (the use of); by (taking)
剝牀以辨，蔑贞凶。
Depriving the bed of distinction
To dismiss (such)* persistence is unfortunate
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
of
剝牀以變，未有與也。
23.2x Depriving the bed of (its) frame:
Still not finding support
4th Line
of (the use of); by (taking); for
剝牀以膚，凶。
Stripping the bed for its flesh
Ominous
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
for
剝牀以膚，切近災也。
23.4x Stripping the bed for (its) flesh:
Cutting close to disaster
5th Line
by (way, means) of; through, with; due to
貫魚以宮人寵，無不利。
A stringline of fishes
By way of the palace inhabitants’ sponsorship*
Nothing cannot be turned to advantage
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
by way of
以宮人寵，終無尤也。
23.5x By way of the palace inhabitants’ sponsorship:
An outcome with no complaints
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山附於地，剝。上以厚下安宅。
The mountain depends on the earth
Decomposing
Superiors, accordingly, are generous to subordinates
Confirming their positions
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
(a, the) way, means; use, apply; how
不遠之復，以脩身也。
24.1x Nothing distant in this return:
The way to refine (a) life
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
with, through; using, applying; for (the)
脩復之吉，以下仁也。
24.2x Contentment in return holds promise:
Through lowly compassion
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
in order, thus, thereby, so as to, in this way
中行獨復，以從道也。
24.4x Walking in the middle, all alone in return:
In order to follow the path
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
in order, thus, thereby; for the sake, purpose
敦復無悔，中以自考也。
24.5x Honest return, with no regrets:
Concentrating in order to examine oneself
→ 04.1
6th Line
for, (extending) to; reaching (both); visiting
迷復，凶，有災眚。用行師，終有大敗，以其國君凶，至于十年不克征。
Lost return
Ominous
There will be calamity and grave errors
If trying to advance the military
In the end there will be a major defeat
Reaching one’s domain and its nobility with misfortune
Even after ten years, no ability to campaign*
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
using, utilizing, making use of
復亨，剛反。動而以順行，是以出入無吉，朋來無咎。反復其道，七日來復，天行也。利有攸往，剛長也。復其見天地之心乎！
Returning (means) fulfillment:
The firm comes back around
Energetic, and using acceptance to proceed
So it is that exiting (and) entering (are) without anxiety
(And) companions arrive without fail
Turning around (and) returning (is) the way,
The seventh day brings return:
(As) heaven behaves
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Firmness prevails
(In) returning one sees the heart of heaven (and) earth!
→ 04.1
that; how, why "
復亨，剛反。動而以順行，是以出入無吉，朋來無咎。反復其道，七日來復，天行也。利有攸往，剛長也。復其見天地之心乎！
Returning (means) fulfillment:
The firm comes back around
Energetic, and using acceptance to proceed
So it is that exiting (and) entering (are) without anxiety
(And) companions arrive without fail
Turning around (and) returning (is) the way,
The seventh day brings return:
(As) heaven behaves
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Firmness prevails
(In) returning one sees the heart of heaven (and) earth!
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
雷在地中，復。先王以至日閉關，商旅不行，后不省方。
Thunder dwells within the earth
To return
The early sovereigns, accordingly, on the day of winter solstice,
closed the frontier pass gates
Merchants and travelers did not move about
Rulers did not inspect the domains
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is, comes) by way of, according to, serves "
無妄，剛自外來而為主於內，動而健，剛中而應，大亨以正，天之命。其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。無妄之往，何之矣？天命不祐，行矣哉！
Without pretense
Firmness comes from without and becomes master on the inside
Movement with lasting vigor
The firm (is) central and resonant
Great fulfillment (is) according to integrity
Heaven’s higher law
For one without integrity there will be suffering
(And) not (much) reward in having somewhere to go
(While) without pretense there is forward progress
How is this so?
Heaven’s higher law is not protection:
(It is) movement itself!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
天下雷行，物與無妄。先王以茂對時育萬物。
Beneath the sky moves thunder
The creatures interact without pretensions
The early sovereigns, accordingly, flourished according to season
And nurtured the myriad beings
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
to quit
有利利以不犯災。
26.1x (This) will get harsh, worthwhile to quit:
(And) not provoke a crisis
Xiang Zhuan
makes use of, utilizes, applies, considers
天在山中，大畜。君子以多識前言往行，以畜其德。
Heaven dwells in the midst of the mountain
Raising great beasts
The noble young one makes use of large stores of knowledge
of prior ideas and past deeds
With which to develop such character
→ 04.1
with which, therewith, thereby, in order
天在山中，大畜。君子以多識前言往行，以畜其德。
Heaven dwells in the midst of the mountain
Raising great beasts
The noble young one makes use of large stores of knowledge
of prior ideas and past deeds
With which to develop such character
Xiao Xiang 5
in order; thereby; (as) (a, the) way
居贞之吉，順以從上。
27.5x To abide in persistence holds promise:
Accepting in order to follow the superior
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(and) thereby, in this way, by these means
頤贞吉，養正則吉。觀頤，觀其所養。自求口實，觀其自養。天地養萬物，聖人養賢以及萬民。頤之時大矣哉！
Hungry mouth
Persistence (is) promising:
Nourish uprightness (and) in due order good fortune
Study the hungry mouth:
Study what is the purpose in nourishment
From the searching mouth (to) the feeding:
Study what are the sources of nourishment
Heaven (and) earth nourish the myriad beings
The wise ones nourish the worthy
(and) thereby reach the whole of humanity
Hungry mouth’s opportune timing (is) very important here!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山下有雷，頤。君子以慎言語，節飲食。
Beneath the mountain is thunder
Hungry mouth
The noble young one, accordingly,
is careful with words and expressions
And moderate in drinking and eating
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
with, through; by, in
老夫女妻，過以相與。
28.2x (An) older gentleman (and) maiden companion:
Going beyond with each other’s support
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 3
to, for
棟橈之凶，不可以有輔。
28.3x The ridgepole’s deformity becomes trouble:
It is not enough to assume support
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤滅木，大過。君子以獨立不懼，遁世無懣。
The lake rises over the trees
Greatness in excess
The noble young one, accordingly, stands alone and undaunted
And steps back from the world without sorrow
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
use, make (s, ing) use of; by way of; due to
習坎，重險。水流而不盈，行險而不失其信。維心亨，乃以剛中。行有尚，往有功。天險不可升，地險山川丘陵。王公設險以守其國，險之時用大矣哉！
Repeated exposure
(Means) twice the risk
The water replenishes but does not pile up
Making progress (through) risk yet never losing its confidence
To keep the heart secure (is) fulfillment:
When making use of the firmness within
Progress will be valued:
To continue on will be an accomplishment
Heavenly hazards do not permit climbing
Earthly hazards (are) mountains (and) rivers, hills (and) heights
Sovereigns (and) patriarchs arrange hazards in order to protect their domains
Risk’s timely application (is) very important here!
→ 04.1
in order; as a way, means; with which
習坎，重險。水流而不盈，行險而不失其信。維心亨，乃以剛中。行有尚，往有功。天險不可升，地險山川丘陵。王公設險以守其國，險之時用大矣哉！
Repeated exposure
(Means) twice the risk
The water replenishes but does not pile up
Making progress (through) risk yet never losing its confidence
To keep the heart secure (is) fulfillment:
When making use of the firmness within
Progress will be valued:
To continue on will be an accomplishment
Heavenly hazards do not permit climbing
Earthly hazards (are) mountains (and) rivers, hills (and) heights
Sovereigns (and) patriarchs arrange hazards in order to protect their domains
Risk’s timely application (is) very important here!
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
水洊至，習坎。君子以常德行，習教事。
Water is ever arriving
Repeated exposure
The noble young one, accordingly,
continues in character and conduct
Practicing teaching and serving
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
in order, thereby, thus; (a, the) way, means
履錯之敬，以辟咎。
30.1x Taking steps in confusion (but) respecting this:
Thereby to avoid errors
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
in order, thereby, thus; as a way, means 39.T
王用出征，以正邦。
30.6x The sovereign takes advantage of emergencies to expedite:
In order to set right the domain
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus, consequently
離麗，日月麗乎天，百糓草木麗乎土。重明以麗乎正，乃化成天下。柔麗乎中正，故亨。是以畜牝牛吉。
Arising
(Means) to be conditioned
The sun (and) moon (are) conditioned upon heaven
The hundreds of grasses, the plants
(and) the trees are conditioned upon the earth
Doubled clarity, accordingly, (is) conditioned upon the true
Then transformation completes (all things) under heaven
The flexible (is) conditioned upon the central (and) correct
Given this, fulfillment
And so it is that to care for the cow (is) promising
→ 04.1
that; how, why "
離麗，日月麗乎天，百糓草木麗乎土。重明以麗乎正，乃化成天下。柔麗乎中正，故亨。是以畜牝牛吉。
Arising
(Means) to be conditioned
The sun (and) moon (are) conditioned upon heaven
The hundreds of grasses, the plants
(and) the trees are conditioned upon the earth
Doubled clarity, accordingly, (is) conditioned upon the true
Then transformation completes (all things) under heaven
The flexible (is) conditioned upon the central (and) correct
Given this, fulfillment
And so it is that to care for the cow (is) promising
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
明兩作，離。大人以繼明照于四方。
The light appears twice
Arising
The mature human being, accordingly,
Is continuous in clarifying and illuminating
into the four directions
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(and) accordingly, thus, thereby, with this
咸，感。柔上而剛下，二气感應以相與。止而説，男下女，是以亨利贞取女吉。天地感而萬物化生，聖人感人心而天下和平。觀其所感，而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Reciprocity
(Means) being moved
The flexible (is) above while the firm (is) below
The two vital forces (are) moved in resonance
(And) with this support each other
Stillness and enjoyment
The masculine submits to the feminine
And so it is that fulfillment rewards persistence
(And) to court the young woman (is) promising
Heaven (and) earth move each other
And so the myriad beings transform (and) come to life
The wise ones move the human heart
And all under heaven respond with peace
Comprehend this function of touch
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 04.1
that; how, why "
咸，感。柔上而剛下，二气感應以相與。止而説，男下女，是以亨利贞取女吉。天地感而萬物化生，聖人感人心而天下和平。觀其所感，而天地萬物之晴可見矣。
Reciprocity
(Means) being moved
The flexible (is) above while the firm (is) below
The two vital forces (are) moved in resonance
(And) with this support each other
Stillness and enjoyment
The masculine submits to the feminine
And so it is that fulfillment rewards persistence
(And) to court the young woman (is) promising
Heaven (and) earth move each other
And so the myriad beings transform (and) come to life
The wise ones move the human heart
And all under heaven respond with peace
Comprehend this function of touch
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山上有澤，咸。君子以虛受人。
Up on the mountain there is a lake
Reciprocity
The noble young one, accordingly, is open to welcome the other
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus; with-
雷風，恆。君子以立不易方。
Thunder and wind
Continuity
The noble young one, accordingly,
makes a stand without changing bearings
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
through, by, using; due, according to
嘉遁贞疾，以正志。
33.5x Commendable retreat’s persistence (is) promising:
By staying true to objectives
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天下有山，遁。君子以遠小人，不惡而嚴。
Beneath the sky is a mountain
Distancing
The noble young one, accordingly,
is distant from the common people
Not with ill will, but with reserve
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
due to, (through, by) using; with, by way of
九二贞吉，以中。
34.2x Nine second’s persistence (is) promising:
Using balance
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
uses, applies, employs; for, with; behind
大壮，大者壮。剛以動，故壮。大壮利贞，大者正。正大而天地之晴可見矣。
Big (and) strong
Greatness is that which is strong
The firm applies force
Hence, strength
Big (and) strong, worthwhile to persist:
Greatness implies being correct
Be correct in greatness and then heaven (and) earth
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus (when)
雷在天上，大壮。君子以非礼弗履。
Thunder in the sky above
Big and strong
The noble young one, accordingly, outside of respect,
will not take a step
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
using, applying, making use of 52.5x
受茲介孚，以中正。
35.2x Accepting these present boundaries (as) a blessing:
Applying the central principle
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
that; how, why "
晋，進。明出地上，順而麗乎大明。柔進而上行，是以康侯用錫馬蕃庶，晝日三接。
Expansion
(Means) progress
The light rises over the earth
Compliance along with reliance upon great clarity
The flexible advances, but with superior conduct
And so it is that the prosperous lord uses grants (of) horses
To breed a multitude
(And) by the light of a day three times grants audience
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
明出地上，晋。君子以自昭明德。
The light rises over the earth
Expansion
The noble young one, therefore,
naturally radiates clarity of character
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
utilize, (make) use (of); apply, employ (s, ing)
六二之吉，順以則。
36.2x Six second’s promise:
Compliantly using the givens
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
by, through, with; using; make(ing) use of
明入地中，明夷。內文明而外柔順，以蒙大難，文王以之。利艱贞，晦其明，內難而能正其志，箕子以之。
The light goes within (to) the heart of the earth
Brightness (is) obscured
Inwardly coherent (and) bright while outwardly flexible (and) compliant
Using the obscurity (of) great trials
The Sovereign Wen applied this
Warranting difficult persistence:
Darkening his own light
Inwardly struggling, yet able to stay true to his purpose
Prince Ji applied this
→ 04.1
us ed, applied, employed, made use of
明入地中，明夷。內文明而外柔順，以蒙大難，文王以之。利艱贞，晦其明，內難而能正其志，箕子以之。
The light goes within (to) the heart of the earth
Brightness (is) obscured
Inwardly coherent (and) bright while outwardly flexible (and) compliant
Using the obscurity (of) great trials
The Sovereign Wen applied this
Warranting difficult persistence:
Darkening his own light
Inwardly struggling, yet able to stay true to his purpose
Prince Ji applied this
us ed, applied, employed, made use of
明入地中，明夷。內文明而外柔順，以蒙大難，文王以之。利艱贞，晦其明，內難而能正其志，箕子以之。
The light goes within (to) the heart of the earth
Brightness (is) obscured
Inwardly coherent (and) bright while outwardly flexible (and) compliant
Using the obscurity (of) great trials
The Sovereign Wen applied this
Warranting difficult persistence:
Darkening his own light
Inwardly struggling, yet able to stay true to his purpose
Prince Ji applied this
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
明入地中，明夷。君子以蒞衆，用晦而明。
The light goes within to the heart of the earth
Brightness Obscured
The noble young one, accordingly, manages the multitude
using darkness, but with intelligence
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
in order, thereby; for the sake, purpose of "
六二之吉，順以巽。
37.2x Six second has promise:
Accepting for the purpose of influence
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
ac cordingly, therefore, thus; uses, applies
風自火出，家人。君子以言有物，而行有恆。
Wind comes forth from flame
Family members
The noble young one, accordingly, speaks with substance
And acts with consistency
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
in order; for the purpose of; (and) thereby
見惡人以辟咎。
38.1x Seeing the worst (in) others:
In order to avoid mistakes
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
that; how, why "
睽，火動而上，澤動而下。二女同居，其志不同行。説而麗乎明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛。是以小事吉。天地睽而其事同，男女睽而其志通，萬物睽而其事類。睽之時用大矣哉！
Estrangement
The fire moves, but (only) upwards
The lake moves, but (only) downwards
Two women dwell together
(But) their intentions do not function as one
Enjoyment, along with dependence on clarity
The flexible advances, and so improves (its) conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so it is that ordinary matters (are) promising
Heaven (and) earth diverge, but still their endeavors converge
Masculine (and) feminine diverge, but their objectives interact
The myriad beings diverge, but their affairs (are) interrelated
Estrangement’s timely application (is) very important here!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
上火下澤，睽。君子以同而異。
The flame rises, the lake descends
Estrangement
The noble young one, accordingly, associates, and yet is unique
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
due to; because, since; by, through, with
大蹇朋來，以中節也。
39.5x (At a) major impasse, companions appear:
Because the center (is) defined
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
in order; thus, thereby 50.1x
往蹇來碩，志在內也。利見大人，以從貴也。
39.6x (If) going (is) impassable (then) coming back
(means) maturity:
The purpose lies within
* Rewarding to encounter a mature human being:
Thereby to attend to the worthy
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
in order, thereby, with this, so as (to) 53.T
蹇，難也。險在前也。見險而能止，知矣哉！蹇利西南，往得中也。不利東北，其道窮也。利見大人，往有功也。當位贞吉，以正邦也。蹇之時用大矣哉！
Impasse
(Means) problems
Risk lies ahead
To perceive the risk and be able to stop
(Is) wisdom indeed!
Impasse (is) worthwhile west (to) south:
To make progress (is) to find the center
It is not worthwhile east (to) north:
This way dead ends
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being:
Making progress will be an achievement
(In) a proper position, persistence (is) opportune:
In order to do right by the territory
Impasse’s timely application (is) very important now!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山上有水，蹇。君子以反身脩德。
Over the mountain is water
Impasse
The noble young one, accordingly,
turns bodily around to work on character
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
in order, thereby, therewith, in this way
功用赦鶽，以觧悖也。
40.6x The duke takes aim at the raptor
In order to be free of the obstinate
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with, behind; leads to; (is) a way, means to
觧，險以動，動而免乎險，觧。觧利西南，往得衆也。其來復吉，乃得中也。有攸往，夙吉，往有功也。天地觧而雷雨作，雷雨作而百果草木皆甲坼。觧之時大矣哉！
Release
Crisis leads to movement
Movement then gets free of crisis
Released
Release favors the west to the south:
To go (is) to gain the multitude
One’s coming return (is) promising:
Here to find the center
(In) having somewhere to go, to be prompt (is) promising:
(In) making progress there will be achievement
Heaven (and) earth let loose as thunder (and) rain get to work
Thunder (and) rain go to work, and hundreds of seed pods
Of plants (and) trees, as one, begin to burst
Release’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
雷雨作，觧。君子以赦過宥辠。
Thunder and rain create
Release
The noble young one, accordingly, pardons transgressions
And is broad-minded regarding offenses
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
in order; (and) so, thus, thereby, therewith
九二利贞，中以為志也。
41.2x Nine second merits steadfastness:
Concentrate in order to accomplish the goal
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山下有澤，損。君子以懲忿窒欲。
At the foot of the mountain is a marsh
Decreasing
The noble young one, accordingly,
rules out resentments (and) restrains desires
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
in ord er; thereby, therewith; serving; use
告公從，以益志也。
42.4x Advising the prince to comply:
In order to further the purpose
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
風雷，益。君子以見善則遷，有過則改。
The wind and the thunder
Increasing
The noble young one, accordingly,
When seeing the good, as a rule, makes improvements
When having transgressed, as a rule, makes corrections
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤上於天，夬。君子以施祿及下，居德則忌。
The lake rises into the sky
Decisiveness
The noble young one, accordingly,
Dispenses favor to reach those below
Resting on virtue is thereby avoided
→ 04.1
5th Line
( ^) using, in, with
以杞包瓜，含章，有隕自天。
Wrapping the melons in willows
Restraint is displayed
They will have fallen from heaven
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
天下有風，姤。后以施命誥四方。
Beneath the sky is the wind
Dissipation
Rulers, accordingly, issue commands and decrees
in all four directions
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with, behind, through; by way, means of
萃，聚也。順以説，剛中而應，故聚也。王假有廟，致孝享也。利見大人亨，聚以正也。用大牲吉，利有攸往，順天命也。觀其所聚，而天地萬物之情可見矣。
Collectedness
(Means) to congregate
Acceptance behind satisfaction
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Hence, congregation
The sovereign approaches his temple:
To convey the filial offering
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being making an offering:
Concentrating with integrity
To offer great sacrifices (is) promising,
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Agreeing with heaven’s higher order
Study the reason to congregate
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
→ 04.1
with, through; by way, means of
萃，聚也。順以説，剛中而應，故聚也。王假有廟，致孝享也。利見大人亨，聚以正也。用大牲吉，利有攸往，順天命也。觀其所聚，而天地萬物之情可見矣。
Collectedness
(Means) to congregate
Acceptance behind satisfaction
The firm (is) central (and) resonant
Hence, congregation
The sovereign approaches his temple:
To convey the filial offering
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being making an offering:
Concentrating with integrity
To offer great sacrifices (is) promising,
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go:
Agreeing with heaven’s higher order
Study the reason to congregate
Then heaven (and) earth (and) the myriad beings
Will now have natures (which) may be seen plainly
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤上於地，萃。君子以除戎器，戒不虞。
The pond is raised above the earth
Collectedness
The noble young one, accordingly,
puts aside weapons and instruments
Guarding against unreadiness
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
uses, applies, takes; avails, makes use of
柔以時升，巽而順，剛中而應，是以大亨。用見大人，勿恤，有慶也。南征吉，志行也。
The flexible uses the time to advance
Adapting and also accepting
The firm (is) central and resonant
This is, accordingly, very fulfilling
Productive to encounter a mature human being,
Do not worry:
Own the rewards
The southern expedition (is) promising:
The intentions (are) carried out
→ 04.1
accordingly, (a, the) way to; means "
柔以時升，巽而順，剛中而應，是以大亨。用見大人，勿恤，有慶也。南征吉，志行也。
The flexible uses the time to advance
Adapting and also accepting
The firm (is) central and resonant
This is, accordingly, very fulfilling
Productive to encounter a mature human being,
Do not worry:
Own the rewards
The southern expedition (is) promising:
The intentions (are) carried out
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
地中生木，升。君子以順德，積小以高大。
Within the earth wood grows
Advancement
The noble young one, accordingly, is accepting by nature
Collecting the small things as a way to the noble and great
→ 04.1
into; to make, reach; as (a) way, means to
地中生木，升。君子以順德，積小以高大。
Within the earth wood grows
Advancement
The noble young one, accordingly, is accepting by nature
Collecting the small things as a way to the noble and great
Xiao Xiang 5
by way, means of; due to; using, with
劓刖，志未得也。乃徐有説，以中直也。利用祭祀，受福也。
47.5x Nose cut off, feet cut off:
The purpose is still not gained
* And then gradually finding relief:
Due to the center’s (being) straightforward
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is) the way to; leads to; for, with, behind
困，剛揜，險以説，困而不失其所亨，其唯君子乎。贞大人吉，以剛中也。有言不信，尚口乃窮也。
Exhaustion
The firm (is) covered over
To risk leads to satisfaction
(To be) beset and still not lose that which is fulfilling
One who is truly a noble young one attains this
Persistence (is) the mature human being’s promise:
By way of the firmness within
There will be words but no assurance:
To value the oral leads to exhaustion
→ 04.1
by way, means of; due to; using, with 48.T
困，剛揜，險以説，困而不失其所亨，其唯君子乎。贞大人吉，以剛中也。有言不信，尚口乃窮也。
Exhaustion
The firm (is) covered over
To risk leads to satisfaction
(To be) beset and still not lose that which is fulfilling
One who is truly a noble young one attains this
Persistence (is) the mature human being’s promise:
By way of the firmness within
There will be words but no assurance:
To value the oral leads to exhaustion
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤無水，困。君子以致命遂志。
A lake without water
Exhaustion
The noble young one, accordingly,
invokes a higher purpose to carry out intentions
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is) due to, by way of, is using
巽乎水而上水，井。井養而不窮也。改邑不改井，乃以剛中也。汔至亦未繘井，未有功也。羸其瓶，是以凶也。
To penetrate beneath the water and so bring up the water
(Is) the well
The well provides, and yet will not be exhausted
Rearranging the town does not change the well:
Since this (is) using a constancy within
To nearly reach, but then to fall short (with) the well rope
(Is) to fall short of bringing up results
To damage its bucket:
This indeed leads to disappointment
→ 04.1
(is) (a, the) way to; leads to; to have "
巽乎水而上水，井。井養而不窮也。改邑不改井，乃以剛中也。汔至亦未繘井，未有功也。羸其瓶，是以凶也。
To penetrate beneath the water and so bring up the water
(Is) the well
The well provides, and yet will not be exhausted
Rearranging the town does not change the well:
Since this (is) using a constancy within
To nearly reach, but then to fall short (with) the well rope
(Is) to fall short of bringing up results
To damage its bucket:
This indeed leads to disappointment
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
木上有水，井。君子以勞民勸相。
Above the wood there is water
The well
The noble young one, accordingly,
labors for the people to encourage cooperation
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
to; for; as a way, means to
鞏用黃牛，不可以有為也。
49.1x Wrapped with golden rawhide:
Not suited to taking action
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
in order; thinking; to profit by, benefit from
君子豹變，其文蔚也。小人革面，順以從君也。
49.6x The noble young one’s leopard transformation:
This one’s style (is rich in) subtlety
* Ordinary people (merely) change masks:
Submitting in order to follow a noble
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with, behind; lead to; use; (are) the way to
革，水火相息，二女同居，其志不相得，曰革。已日乃孚，革而信之。文明以説，大亨以正，革而當，其悔乃亡。天地革而四時成，湯武革命，順乎天而應乎人，革之時大矣哉！
Seasonal change
Water (and) fire subdue each other
Two women dwell together
(But) their aims are not mutual gain
So this is called seasonal change
Complete the day and then be sure:
Change and then believe in it
Refinement (and) clarity behind satisfaction
Great fulfillment (is) according to correctness
Change is then appropriate
One’s regrets then pass
Heaven (and) earth change and so the four seasons are fulfilled
Tang and Wu changed the mandates
Complying with heaven while resonating with humanity
Seasonal change’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
→ 04.1
(is, comes) by way of; due, according to "
革，水火相息，二女同居，其志不相得，曰革。已日乃孚，革而信之。文明以説，大亨以正，革而當，其悔乃亡。天地革而四時成，湯武革命，順乎天而應乎人，革之時大矣哉！
Seasonal change
Water (and) fire subdue each other
Two women dwell together
(But) their aims are not mutual gain
So this is called seasonal change
Complete the day and then be sure:
Change and then believe in it
Refinement (and) clarity behind satisfaction
Great fulfillment (is) according to correctness
Change is then appropriate
One’s regrets then pass
Heaven (and) earth change and so the four seasons are fulfilled
Tang and Wu changed the mandates
Complying with heaven while resonating with humanity
Seasonal change’s opportune timing (is) very important now!
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤中有火，革。君子以治曆明時。
There is fire in the lake
Seasonal change
The noble young one, accordingly,
organizes the calendar and clarifies the time
→ 04.1
1st Line
for (the sake of); in order, thereby (to have)
鼎顛趾，利出否。得妾以其子，無咎。
A cauldron with upended feet
Worthwhile to expel the stagnating
Accepting a concubine for the sake of her child
Is without blame
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
in order, thereby; (a) way, means to 39.6x
鼎顛趾，未悖也。利出否，以從貴也。
50.1x A cauldron (with) upended feet:
As yet nothing improper
* Worthwhile to expel the stagnating:
In order to attend to (what is) valued
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
in order, thereby, therewith; with which
鼎黃耳，中以為實也。
50.5x A cauldron (with) golden ears:
In balance in order to effect realities
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with; (by) using, means of
鼎，象也。以木巽火，亨飪也。聖人亨以享上帝，而大亨以養聖賢。巽而耳目聰明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛，是以元亨。
The cauldron
(is) a model
With wood submitted to flame
The offerings (are) transformed
The wise ones (are) fulfilled with offerings to the highest divinity
And (there is) great fulfillment (in) nourishing wisdom (and) excellence
Reaching in with ears (and) eyes, quickening (and) clarifying
The flexible advances with elevated conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so this is, accordingly, supreme fulfillment
→ 04.1
through, with, by (using, way, means of)
鼎，象也。以木巽火，亨飪也。聖人亨以享上帝，而大亨以養聖賢。巽而耳目聰明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛，是以元亨。
The cauldron
(is) a model
With wood submitted to flame
The offerings (are) transformed
The wise ones (are) fulfilled with offerings to the highest divinity
And (there is) great fulfillment (in) nourishing wisdom (and) excellence
Reaching in with ears (and) eyes, quickening (and) clarifying
The flexible advances with elevated conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so this is, accordingly, supreme fulfillment
through, with, by, of, in
鼎，象也。以木巽火，亨飪也。聖人亨以享上帝，而大亨以養聖賢。巽而耳目聰明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛，是以元亨。
The cauldron
(is) a model
With wood submitted to flame
The offerings (are) transformed
The wise ones (are) fulfilled with offerings to the highest divinity
And (there is) great fulfillment (in) nourishing wisdom (and) excellence
Reaching in with ears (and) eyes, quickening (and) clarifying
The flexible advances with elevated conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so this is, accordingly, supreme fulfillment
that, accordingly, therefore; the way to "
鼎，象也。以木巽火，亨飪也。聖人亨以享上帝，而大亨以養聖賢。巽而耳目聰明，柔進而上行，得中而應乎剛，是以元亨。
The cauldron
(is) a model
With wood submitted to flame
The offerings (are) transformed
The wise ones (are) fulfilled with offerings to the highest divinity
And (there is) great fulfillment (in) nourishing wisdom (and) excellence
Reaching in with ears (and) eyes, quickening (and) clarifying
The flexible advances with elevated conduct
Gaining the center and resonating with the firm
And so this is, accordingly, supreme fulfillment
Xiang Zhuan
according to; with, by; uses, applies
木上有火，鼎。君子以正位凝命。
Over the wood is a flame
The cauldron
The noble young one applies principles of positioning
to manifest higher purpose
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
to, for (the purpose of); of
震，亨。震來虩虩，恐致福也。笑言啞啞，後有則也。震驚百里，驚遠而懼邇也。出可以守宗廟社稷，以為祭主也。
Arousal (means) fulfillment
Shock brings fear (and) alarm:
The fear leads to well-being
Mirthful words (and) echoing laughter:
After there is a precedent
The thunder startles (for) a hundred li (around):
Disturbing the distant and frightening the near
Do not let drop the ladle of sacred wine:
Emerge fit to guard the ancestral shrine,
the altars to place (and) to grain
(And) thereby perform the offerings (with) mastery
→ 04.1
to, for (the purpose of); of
震，亨。震來虩虩，恐致福也。笑言啞啞，後有則也。震驚百里，驚遠而懼邇也。出可以守宗廟社稷，以為祭主也。
Arousal (means) fulfillment
Shock brings fear (and) alarm:
The fear leads to well-being
Mirthful words (and) echoing laughter:
After there is a precedent
The thunder startles (for) a hundred li (around):
Disturbing the distant and frightening the near
Do not let drop the ladle of sacred wine:
Emerge fit to guard the ancestral shrine,
the altars to place (and) to grain
(And) thereby perform the offerings (with) mastery
(and) so, thus, accordingly, thereby
震，亨。震來虩虩，恐致福也。笑言啞啞，後有則也。震驚百里，驚遠而懼邇也。出可以守宗廟社稷，以為祭主也。
Arousal (means) fulfillment
Shock brings fear (and) alarm:
The fear leads to well-being
Mirthful words (and) echoing laughter:
After there is a precedent
The thunder startles (for) a hundred li (around):
Disturbing the distant and frightening the near
Do not let drop the ladle of sacred wine:
Emerge fit to guard the ancestral shrine,
the altars to place (and) to grain
(And) thereby perform the offerings (with) mastery
(and) so, thus, accordingly, thereby
震，亨。震來虩虩，恐致福也。笑言啞啞，後有則也。震驚百里，驚遠而懼邇也。出可以守宗廟社稷，以為祭主也。
Arousal (means) fulfillment
Shock brings fear (and) alarm:
The fear leads to well-being
Mirthful words (and) echoing laughter:
After there is a precedent
The thunder startles (for) a hundred li (around):
Disturbing the distant and frightening the near
Do not let drop the ladle of sacred wine:
Emerge fit to guard the ancestral shrine,
the altars to place (and) to grain
(And) thereby perform the offerings (with) mastery
Xiang Zhuan
with, by; uses, applies; makes use of
洊雷，震。君子以恐懼修省。
Resounding thunder
Arousal
The noble young one makes use of fear and alarm
to adjust and examine
→ 04.1
with, by; uses, applies; makes use of
洊雷，震。君子以恐懼修省。
Resounding thunder
Arousal
The noble young one makes use of fear and alarm
to adjust and examine
Xiao Xiang 5
using, applying; making use of 05.5x
艮其輔，以中正也。
52.5x Stilling those jawbones:
Applying the central principle
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 6
thus; (a, the) way, means to; with, to, for
敦艮之吉，以厚終也。
52.6x Authentic stillness holds promise:
The way to a genuine outcome
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
that, accordingly; how, why "
艮，止也。時止則止，時行則行，動靜不失其時，其道光明。艮其止，止其所也。上下敵應，不相與也。是以不獲其身，行其庭不見其人，無咎也。
Stillness
(Means) to keep still
(If) time to stop, then stop
(If) time to move, then move
(When) activity (and) rest do not lose their timing
One’s path (is) revealed (and) clarified
Stillness (means) self-restraint
Restraint (is) to one’s own purpose
Above (and) below resist corresponding
Having nothing to do with each other
And so it is that having no grasp of one’s own being
(And) moving (through) one’s courtyard
Without seeing other people
(Is) without blame
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
兼山，艮。君子以思不出其位。
Adjacent mountains
Stillness
The noble young one, accordingly,
contemplates nothing outside of its place
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 4
in order; (as) a way, means; thereby "
或得其桷，順以巽也。
53.4x Perchance to find that flat branch:
Accepting in order to adapt
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
way, means; in order, therewith; to use 30.6x
漸之進也，女歸吉也。進得位，往有功也。進以正，可以正邦也。其位剛得中也。止而巽，動不窮也。
Gradual progress leads to advance
The young woman’s engagement (is) timely
Advancing secures a position
Making progress will be an accomplishment
Advancing according to principle
(Is) a fitting way to do right by the realm
In such a position
The firm secures the center
To be still and also adapt
(Is) movement without exhaustion
→ 04.1
with; by way, means of; according to
漸之進也，女歸吉也。進得位，往有功也。進以正，可以正邦也。其位剛得中也。止而巽，動不窮也。
Gradual progress leads to advance
The young woman’s engagement (is) timely
Advancing secures a position
Making progress will be an accomplishment
Advancing according to principle
(Is) a fitting way to do right by the realm
In such a position
The firm secures the center
To be still and also adapt
(Is) movement without exhaustion
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山上有木，漸。君子以居賢德善俗。
On top of the mountain there is a tree
Gradual progress
The noble young one, accordingly,
abides in excellence and character to raise the social norms
→ 04.1
1st Line
as, to be (a, the)
歸妹以娣，跛能履，征吉。
Little sister marries as second wife
The lame are still able to take steps
To press on is promising
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
as
歸妹以娣，以恆也。跛能履，吉相承也。
54.1x Little sister marries as second wife:
In order to endure
* The lame can (still) take steps:
Fortunate
(In) supporting each other
in order; for (the sake of)
歸妹以娣，以恆也。跛能履，吉相承也。
54.1x Little sister marries as second wife:
In order to endure
* The lame can (still) take steps:
Fortunate
(In) supporting each other
3rd Line
as, to be
歸妹以須，反歸以娣。
Little sister marries as a bondmaid
Then comes back to marry as second wife
→ 04.1
as, to be (a, the)
歸妹以須，反歸以娣。
Little sister marries as a bondmaid
Then comes back to marry as second wife
Xiao Xiang 3
as
歸妹以須，未當也。
54.3x Little sister marries as a bondmaid:
Still not satisfactory
Xiao Xiang 5
Yi
帝乙歸妹，不如其娣之袂良也。其位在中，以貴行也。
54.5x When Lord Yi gave (his) maiden daughter in marriage
in order; thereby, therewith; as a way, means
帝乙歸妹，不如其娣之袂良也。其位在中，以貴行也。
54.5x When Lord Yi gave (his) maiden daughter in marriage
Tuan Zhuan
with, behind, by; in order; as (a) way, means
歸妹，天地之大義也。天地不交，而萬物不興，歸妹，人之終始也。説以動，所歸妹也。征凶，位不當也。無攸利，柔乘剛也。
Little sister’s marriage
Heaven (and) earth have their meanings in wholeness
(When) heaven (and) earth do not interact
Then the myriad beings do not come to be
Little sister’s marriage (is) humanity’s end (and) beginning
Satisfaction (as) a way to move
(Is) the reason for little sister’s marriage
To go boldly (is) inauspicious:
The dignity is not appropriate
Not a direction with merit:
The yielding takes advantage of the firm
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
with, through; uses, makes use of, applies
澤上有雷，歸妹。君子以永終知敝。
Over the pond there is thunder
Little sister’s marriage
The noble young one uses enduring ends
to understand the ephemeral
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
(is) used, useful; helps; thereby, therewith
有孚發若，信以發志也。
55.2x Be true (and) express this:
Credibility helps to manifest the purpose
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
with, (is) behind, for, through; uses, takes
豐，大也。明以動，故豐。王假之，尚大也。勿憂宜日中，宜照天下也。日中則昃，月盈則食，天地盈虛，與時消息，而況於人乎，況於鬼神乎。
Abundance
(Means) greatness
Intelligence (is) behind movement
Given this, abundance
The sovereign approaches this:
Appreciate the greatness
Do not be anxious, (it) suits the sun (to be at) midday:
Appropriate for illuminating all under heaven
The sun (at) midday, in due order, goes down
The moon (at) full, in due order, (is) consumed
(If) heaven (and) earth fill up (and) empty out
In accord with the time (in both) waning (and) waxing
Then how much more true for humanity!
(And) how much more true for the ghosts and the spirits!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
雷電皆至，豐。君子以折獄致刑。
Thunder and lightning, coming as one
Abundance
The noble young one, accordingly,
executes justice and carries out judgment
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 3
considers, thinks of; comes to
旅焚其次，亦以傷矣。以旅與下，其義丧也。
56.3x The wanderer sets fire to their camp:
And (only) then considers the harm here
* Until (one) wanders with humility
This principle (is) lost
→ 04.1
unt il, before (one) (can); try, consder
旅焚其次，亦以傷矣。以旅與下，其義丧也。
56.3x The wanderer sets fire to their camp:
And (only) then considers the harm here
* Until (one) wanders with humility
This principle (is) lost
5th Line
for (the sake of); (a, the) way, means to
射雉一矢，亡。終以譽命。
Hunting a pheasant
One arrow is lost
But in the end, a means to recognition and appointment
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 5
(a) means to
終以譽命，上逮也。
56.5x In the end a means to recognition (and) appointment:
A superior reach
Xiao Xiang 6
considering (that); because, since, when
以旅在上，其義焚也。丧牛于易，終莫之聞也。
56.6x Considering that the wanderer is at the top
This one is understandably burned
* Forfeiting cattle in the exchange:
In the end, nobody comes to enquire
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
that; how, why "
The wanderer
(Means) modest fulfillment
The flexible finds the balance on the outside
And so complies with firmness
Restraint along with dependence on clarity
This is how, (with) modest fulfillment,
The wanderer’s persistence (is) promising
The wanderer’s appropriate timing (is) very important here!
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山上有火，旅。君子以明，慎用刑，而不留獄。
Atop the mountain is a flame
The wanderer
The noble young one, accordingly, is lucid and prudent
about the function of sanctions
And thus avoids prolonged legal process
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is) useful; help, reach, extend (s) (in, for, to)
重巽以申命，剛巽乎中正而志行。柔皆順乎剛，是以小，亨。利有攸往，利見大人。
Repeated adaptation (is) useful (in) setting forth the higher purpose
The firm adapts with balance (and) integrity
And so the intentions (are) carried out
The flexible both respond to the firm
So there are, accordingly, little successes
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being
→ 04.1
accordingly, therefore, thus "
重巽以申命，剛巽乎中正而志行。柔皆順乎剛，是以小，亨。利有攸往，利見大人。
Repeated adaptation (is) useful (in) setting forth the higher purpose
The firm adapts with balance (and) integrity
And so the intentions (are) carried out
The flexible both respond to the firm
So there are, accordingly, little successes
Worthwhile to have somewhere to go
Rewarding to encounter a mature human being
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
隨風，巽。君子以申命行事。
Subsequent winds, adapting
The noble young one, accordingly,
sets forth the higher purpose in carrying out the work
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
兌，説也。剛中而柔外，説以利贞，是以順乎天，而應乎人。説以先民，民忘其勞；説以犯難，民忘其死；説之大，民勸矣哉！
Satisfaction
(Means) pleasure
The firm (is) within and the flexible without
Pleasure, accordingly, rewards persistence
And so it is complying with heaven
And resonant in humanity
(When) pleasure (is) used to lead a people
The people forget their weariness
(When) pleasure (is) used in challenging difficulties
The people forget their mortality
Pleasure’s great importance
(Is) truly in the people’s encouragement!
→ 04.1
by, through; considered; that; therefore "
兌，説也。剛中而柔外，説以利贞，是以順乎天，而應乎人。説以先民，民忘其勞；説以犯難，民忘其死；説之大，民勸矣哉！
Satisfaction
(Means) pleasure
The firm (is) within and the flexible without
Pleasure, accordingly, rewards persistence
And so it is complying with heaven
And resonant in humanity
(When) pleasure (is) used to lead a people
The people forget their weariness
(When) pleasure (is) used in challenging difficulties
The people forget their mortality
Pleasure’s great importance
(Is) truly in the people’s encouragement!
(is) used, applied, employed; (a) way, means
兌，説也。剛中而柔外，説以利贞，是以順乎天，而應乎人。説以先民，民忘其勞；説以犯難，民忘其死；説之大，民勸矣哉！
Satisfaction
(Means) pleasure
The firm (is) within and the flexible without
Pleasure, accordingly, rewards persistence
And so it is complying with heaven
And resonant in humanity
(When) pleasure (is) used to lead a people
The people forget their weariness
(When) pleasure (is) used in challenging difficulties
The people forget their mortality
Pleasure’s great importance
(Is) truly in the people’s encouragement!
(is) used, applied, employed; (a) way, means
兌，説也。剛中而柔外，説以利贞，是以順乎天，而應乎人。説以先民，民忘其勞；説以犯難，民忘其死；説之大，民勸矣哉！
Satisfaction
(Means) pleasure
The firm (is) within and the flexible without
Pleasure, accordingly, rewards persistence
And so it is complying with heaven
And resonant in humanity
(When) pleasure (is) used to lead a people
The people forget their weariness
(When) pleasure (is) used in challenging difficulties
The people forget their mortality
Pleasure’s great importance
(Is) truly in the people’s encouragement!
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
麗澤，兌。君子以朋友講習。
Interconnecting pools
Satisfaction
The noble young one, accordingly,
joins with friends for discussion and practice
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus "
風行水上，渙。先王以享于帝立廟。
The wind passes over the water
Scattering
The early sovereigns, accordingly, made offerings to the divine
and founded ancestral shrines
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(along) with; uses; behind; through
節亨，剛柔分，而剛得中。苦節不可贞，其道窮也。説以行險，當位以節，中正以通。天地節，而四時成。節以制度，不傷財，不害民。
Boundaries (mean) fulfillment
The firm (and) the flexible (are) evenly apportioned
While firmness secures the center
Bitter limitations do not invite commitment:
This path dead ends
Satisfaction behind movement at risk
An appropriate place to use boundaries
Balanced (and) principled in order to follow through
Heaven (and) earth (are) constrained
And so the four seasons are completed
Boundaries serve to define the measures
(But) without encroachment on property
(And) without harm to the people
→ 04.1
for; to use, utilize, apply, consider, have
節亨，剛柔分，而剛得中。苦節不可贞，其道窮也。説以行險，當位以節，中正以通。天地節，而四時成。節以制度，不傷財，不害民。
Boundaries (mean) fulfillment
The firm (and) the flexible (are) evenly apportioned
While firmness secures the center
Bitter limitations do not invite commitment:
This path dead ends
Satisfaction behind movement at risk
An appropriate place to use boundaries
Balanced (and) principled in order to follow through
Heaven (and) earth (are) constrained
And so the four seasons are completed
Boundaries serve to define the measures
(But) without encroachment on property
(And) without harm to the people
in order; thereby, thus; (a, the) way, means
節亨，剛柔分，而剛得中。苦節不可贞，其道窮也。説以行險，當位以節，中正以通。天地節，而四時成。節以制度，不傷財，不害民。
Boundaries (mean) fulfillment
The firm (and) the flexible (are) evenly apportioned
While firmness secures the center
Bitter limitations do not invite commitment:
This path dead ends
Satisfaction behind movement at risk
An appropriate place to use boundaries
Balanced (and) principled in order to follow through
Heaven (and) earth (are) constrained
And so the four seasons are completed
Boundaries serve to define the measures
(But) without encroachment on property
(And) without harm to the people
serve, help; (are) (a, the) way, means
節亨，剛柔分，而剛得中。苦節不可贞，其道窮也。説以行險，當位以節，中正以通。天地節，而四時成。節以制度，不傷財，不害民。
Boundaries (mean) fulfillment
The firm (and) the flexible (are) evenly apportioned
While firmness secures the center
Bitter limitations do not invite commitment:
This path dead ends
Satisfaction behind movement at risk
An appropriate place to use boundaries
Balanced (and) principled in order to follow through
Heaven (and) earth (are) constrained
And so the four seasons are completed
Boundaries serve to define the measures
(But) without encroachment on property
(And) without harm to the people
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤上有水，節。君子以制數度，議德行。
Over the pond there is water
Boundaries
The noble young one, accordingly,
regulates numbers and measures
and weighs the merits of action
→ 04.1
Tuan Zhuan
(is) considered; accordingly, therefore, thus
中孚，柔在內而剛得中。説而巽，孚乃化邦也。豚魚吉，信及豚魚也。利涉大川，乘木舟虛也。中孚以利贞，乃應乎天也。
The truth within
Flexibility dwells within while firmness secures the center
Satisfaction with adaptation
The true will then transform the realm
Piglets (and) fishes - promising:
Trust (is) extended to piglets (and) fishes
Worthwhile to cross the great stream:
Relying on a wooden boat’s hollowness
The truth within (is) accordingly worth (the) persistence:
Then (one) resonates with heaven
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
澤上有風，中孚。君子以議獄緩死。
Over the pond there is wind
The truth within
The noble young one, accordingly,
considers legal process while delaying execution
→ 04.1
1st Line
(is) on the way to; means; into, before
飛鳥以凶。
A flying bird on the way to misfortune
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 1
on the way to
飛鳥以凶，不可如何也。
62.1x A flying bird on the way to misfortune:
Seeming ill-suited to the task
Tuan Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus; with this
小過，小者過而亨也。過以利贞，與時行也。柔得中，是以小事吉也。剛失位而不中，是以不可大事也。有飛鳥之象焉。飛鳥遺之音，不宜上宜下，大吉；上逆而下順也。
Smallness in excess
The small are those who go beyond and so (are) fulfilled
Exceeding, accordingly, (is) worth persistence
To take part in the time (is) to move
The flexible gains the center
This is how minor concerns (are) promising
The firm (has) lost position and also is not in the center
(And) so this is, accordingly, not suited to great concerns
There is the flying bird’s image herein
The flying bird bequeaths this message:
(If) not adapted to heights (then) adapt to (remaining) below
Much promise:
Above (is) resistance while below (is) acceptance
→ 04.1
that; how, why "
小過，小者過而亨也。過以利贞，與時行也。柔得中，是以小事吉也。剛失位而不中，是以不可大事也。有飛鳥之象焉。飛鳥遺之音，不宜上宜下，大吉；上逆而下順也。
Smallness in excess
The small are those who go beyond and so (are) fulfilled
Exceeding, accordingly, (is) worth persistence
To take part in the time (is) to move
The flexible gains the center
This is how minor concerns (are) promising
The firm (has) lost position and also is not in the center
(And) so this is, accordingly, not suited to great concerns
There is the flying bird’s image herein
The flying bird bequeaths this message:
(If) not adapted to heights (then) adapt to (remaining) below
Much promise:
Above (is) resistance while below (is) acceptance
accordingly, therefore, thus "
小過，小者過而亨也。過以利贞，與時行也。柔得中，是以小事吉也。剛失位而不中，是以不可大事也。有飛鳥之象焉。飛鳥遺之音，不宜上宜下，大吉；上逆而下順也。
Smallness in excess
The small are those who go beyond and so (are) fulfilled
Exceeding, accordingly, (is) worth persistence
To take part in the time (is) to move
The flexible gains the center
This is how minor concerns (are) promising
The firm (has) lost position and also is not in the center
(And) so this is, accordingly, not suited to great concerns
There is the flying bird’s image herein
The flying bird bequeaths this message:
(If) not adapted to heights (then) adapt to (remaining) below
Much promise:
Above (is) resistance while below (is) acceptance
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
山上有雷，小過。君子以行過乎恭，丧過乎哀，用過乎儉。
Over the mountain there is thunder
Smallness in excess
The noble young one, accordingly,
in conduct will exceed in respect
In loss will exceed in sorrow
In practice will exceed in economy
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
by way of; with, through; (by) taking, using
七日得，以中道也。
63.2x Seven days to gain:
By taking the middle path
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
水在火上，既濟。君子以思患而預防之。
Water positioned over the flame
Already complete
The noble young one, accordingly, contemplates sorrows
and so prepares to maintain against them
→ 04.1
Xiao Xiang 2
in order, thereby; means; through which
九二贞吉，中以行正也。
64.2x Nine second’s persistence (is) promising:
In balance in order to advance correctly
→ 04.1
Xiang Zhuan
accordingly, therefore, thus
火在水上，未濟。君子以慎辨物居方。
* huo3 2395 13.X (a, the) fire, flame
zai4 6657 01.2 (is) located, situated, positioned; in place
shui3 5922 06.X ^ (the) water(s)
shang4 5669 40.6 over, above, across, atop, on top of v
→ 04.1
Homophones (yi)
衣yi1worn; wear依yi1dependably, reliably, honorably, responsibly一yi1(a, the) one; integrity, oneness, uniformity, union, unit, point, unity, whole (of), wholeness; an instance, one time; (to be) first, lead, single, simple, whole; alike, identical, the same; single-hearted, devoted (to) integrate, unify, unite (into) (s, ed, ing); as soon as, once; uniquely疑yi2(a, the) doubt, distrust, mistrust, uncertainty, hesitation, fear, dislike, suspicion, question, wavering, disbelief; (to be) doubtful, dubious, suspect(ed), uncertain, questioned, questionable; skeptical, suspicious, hesitant, in doubt, similar; (to) doubt, question, hesitate, waver, suspect, distrust, mistrust, disbelieve, fear, dislike; suppose; appear as; [hypothesize] (s ed, ing); as if頤yi2(a, the) appetite, hunger (s); nourishment, nutrition, sustenance, jaws, open jaws, mouth, hungry mouth, chin, cheek; self-care; (to) take care of oneself, keep fit, consume, eat, take in, ingest, feed on, nourish, rear, feed, furnish necessities, care for (s, ed, ing); (to be) appetitive, hungry, oral; with appetite, with hunger(ing)夷yi2(to be) hidden, obscure(d), covered, covert, kept out of sight, suppressed, repressed, common, usual, invisible, level, even, just, equal, smooth, plain, simple, ordinary, vulgar, foreign, barbaric, distant, injured, hurt, wounded, dark; (to) hide, obscure, cover, make ordinary, suppress, disappear, fade into context, repress, injure, kill, wound, hurt, extinguish (s, ed, ing); (to feel) at rest, at ease, tranquil, safe, secure, sated, satisfied, full; (a, the) hiddenness, obscurity, cover, dark, cloak, shroud; need to know, camouflage; without color洟yi2(and) sniveling, sniffling (nasal mucus)宜yi2(to be) appropriate, fit, fitting, proportionate, meet, proper, right, due, seemly, reasonable, suited, suitable, harmonious, correct, good, necessary, adjusted to, adapted to, fit (to); (a, the) propriety, decorum, dignity, appropriateness, fitness, accord, proportion, due proportion, meetness, rightness, necessity; model, proper conduct, proper manner; (to) befit, suit; fit, adjust, adapt (to), put in order; approve (s, ed, ing); ought (to), should, must, had better; what should be; in accordance with; appropriately, properly遺yi2(and, or) neglect, abandonment, withdrawal儀yi2(a, the) sacred dance, rites, observances已yi3(to) restrained, refrain cease, close, complete, conclude, culminate, achieve, decline, desist, end, finish, quit (doing), reject, dismiss, rest, show restraint, stop; have (had) enough, bring ... to an end, put ... down, set ... aside (s, ed, ing) (this); (a, the) closure, completion, conclusion, end(s), excess, fulfillment, rest, satisfaction; (to be) completed, done, enough, finished, past, beyond; already, too, definitely, completely; no more, that is all, there already; the past tense矣yi3an intensifier; alone, as such, especially, indeed, in truth, just (so), merely, only, plainly, simply, truly, really; at present, now, at all, period, done; itself, of itself, by itself; as is, as it is, as they are, in simplicity; is supposed to, is expected to; may; if, when, here, in this; here?; ...?; the truly ..., such ..., what ..., how ...; so (very) ..., only ..., merely ..., simply ..., truly ..., really ..., actually ..., surely ... (!); is this?; so?; (to be) plain, simple; completely, entirely; at least, certainly, especially, surely, truly; similar to Yi3, 2930, past tense乙yi3Yi(’s) [ next to the last Shang Emperor ] "易yi4(to be) amiable, at ease/leisure, easy, lenient, light, natural, pleased, naturally given, relaxed, relaxing, simple, spontaneous, versatile; complacent, indifferent, inattentive, lax, negligent; in process; (to) change, exchange, consider easy, ease, relax, transform, transpose, permute, alter (s, ed, ing); (a, the) change, complacency, ease, exchange, facility, laxity, leisure, permutation, process, simplicity, spontaneity, transformation, versatility; easily; in the exchange, in the process意yi4intending, meaning, thinking; with the idea懿yi4restrains, disciplines, trains; improves義yi4(to) mean, signify, suggest, advise, indicate, warrant, merit, plan rightly, function properly, criticize, deserve (s, ed, ing); (to be) meant, signified, suggested, advised, recommended, indicated, prescribed, proper, deserving, 452 warranted, apt, meaningful, reasonable, principled, significant, due, just, right, rightful, righteous, fair, equitable; faithful, loyal; copied, adopted; false, artificial; (a, the) morality, moralizing, responsibility, conscience, duty, public spirit, righteousness, principle, proper function, right (conduct), obligation, justice, justness, reason, aptness, aptitude, significance, purport, imitation, meaning, true sense (s) (of, for, to); rightly, reasonably, understandably, correctly, meaningfully; (on, in) principle; for a reason; should be, ought to be; generally refers to rightness applied from without, not inherent.議yi4(and) discuss, deliberate, consider, weigh (s)曳yi4(being) held up; dragged, pulled back異yi4help up劓yi4(his, the) nose cut off弋yi4(bow)hunts (with tethered/harpoon arrows)亦yi4(and) also, then, only, further, so, still; yet, too, moreover, furthermore, likewise, after all; truly, really, especially, surely, actually, precisely, sufficiently; but, but still, true but, yet, besides, while, however, nevertheless; even more, more than ever, still more; reciprocally, similarly; in turn; what ...; such ...邑yi4(a, the) town, village, district, city, fiefdom, settlement, home town, townsite, community; walled or fortified town, seat of local office or government; (a, the) town’s, home town’s, community’s, district’s; locally億yi4(a) hundred thousand, countless (times)翼yi4(a, the) Wings, flanks, aids, defenses; appendices, commentaries; (to) assist, shelter, defend, protect, aid (s, ed, ing)益yi4(to) add, advance, augment, benefit, enrich, expand, fill (up), further, gain, give, grant, grow, increase (by), progress, promote, profit, reinforce, replenish, restore, strengthen (to) (s, ed, ing); (a, the) addition, advantage, augmentation, benefit, enrichment, expansion, gain, gift, grant (of), surplus, overflow, increase, profit, value; (to be) beneficial, gainful, profitable, increased, advantageous, augmented, progressive, restorative, useful; expansive, rich; additionally, more, all the more, expansively, further, increasingly; more and more
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Nextyi3 矣
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